This paper explores how a group of men in the United States creates homosocial (as opposed to homosexual) desire through language. In a society in which dominant Discourses of masculinity provide competing scripts of male solidarity and heterosexuality, the achievement of closeness among men is not straightforward, but must be negotiated through other “indirect” means. However, in favorable spe...

GRADE requires a clear specification of the relevant setting, population, intervention, and comparator. It also requires specification of all important outcomes - whether evidence from research studies is, or is not, available. For a particular management question, the population, intervention, and outcome should be sufficiently similar across studies so that a similar magnitude of effect is pl...

Mediation analysis has become a very popular approach in psychology, and it is one that is associated with multiple perspectives that are often at odds, often implicitly. Explicitly discussing these perspectives and their motivations, advantages, and disadvantages can help to provide clarity to conversations and research regarding the use and refinement of mediation models. We discuss five such...

Politeness is mainly investigated in verbal and written communicative encounters. This study novelistically examines politeness politic behavior as a nonverbal event concerning driving habits Asia. based on four variables that are the country of origin, gender, age, level education. The novel framework Brown Levinson’s (1987) theory. revealed Asian drivers use deference, hedges, indirectness to...

The present study examined email communication practices of two groups of students in Iran and the United States to uncover the probable differences between Iranian and American email communication norms. The study also aimed at investigating how power distance in academic centers influences students’ choices of communication strategies in email writing. The use of two politeness strategies nam...

The practice of emergency medicine (EM) has been intertwined with emergency medical services (EMS) for more than 40 years. In this commentary, we explore the practice of translating hospital based evidence into the prehospital setting. We will challenge both EMS and EM dogma-bringing hospital care to patients in the field is not always better. In providing examples of therapies championed in ho...

The aim of the present study is to investigate invitation-issuing strategies Najdi Arabic speakers within frameworks speech act theory and politeness principles, highlighting socio-pragmatic parameters gender, social distance, in/formality event affecting strategy selection modes delivery. data corpus consists 112 instances invitations extracted from informants’ WhatsApp instant messaging exten...

BACKGROUND World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend for children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), high-dose vitamin A (VA) supplements be given on day 1 of admission, and on days 2 and 14 in the case of clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Daily low-dose VA follows, delivered in a premix added to F-75 and F-100. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence fo...

In “Must ...stay ...strong!” (von Fintel and Gillies in Nat Lang Semant 18:351–383, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11050-010-9058-2 ), we set out to slay a dragon, or rather what called The Mantra: that epistemic must has modal force weaker than expected from standard logic, it doesn’t entail its prejacent, the best explanation for evidential feel of is pragmatic explanation. We argued all thre...