The thermic effect of food (TEF) is the well-known concept in spite of its difficulty for measuring. The gold standard for evaluating the TEF is the difference in energy expenditure between fed and fasting states (ΔEE). Alternatively, energy expenditure at 0 activity (EE0) is estimated from the intercept of the linear relationship between energy expenditure and physical activity to eliminate ac...

This study examines the relation between cerebral O2 consumption (CMRO2) and the O2 consumption of the rest of the body (BVO2) after severe head injury. Seventy nine serial measurements of whole body O2 consumption, CMRO2, plasma adrenaline, T3, and glucagon concentrations were made in 15 children with severe head injuries receiving neurointensive care. Body O2 consumption was measured with ind...

It is not clear what dietary intake standards should be used for children with abnormal body size. To investigate the energy requirements of short-stature children with no underlying diseases, their resting energy requirements (REE) were measured by indirect calorimetry. The short-stature group consisted of 30 prepubertal children with short stature and with no underlying diseases (age 6y±2) ...

BACKGROUND Increasing daily energy expenditure (EE) plays an important role in the prevention or treatment of several lifestyle-related diseases; however, its measurement remains problematic. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate a portable armband device for measuring daily and physical activity EE compared with doubly labeled water (DLW) in free-living individuals. DESIGN Daily EE and p...

Simultaneous lipolysis and reesterification form the triacylglycerol/fatty acid (TAG/FA) cycle, a substrate cycle commonly used for thermogenesis. Its rate was measured in vivo by indirect calorimetry and continuous infusion of [2-(3)H]glycerol and [1-(14)C]palmitate, after injection of leptin or vehicle saline in rabbits. Leptin stimulated in vivo lipolysis from 9.66 +/- 0.62 to 14.78 +/- 0.93...

Total energy expenditure (TEE) of rats during simulated microgravity is unknown. The doubly labeled water method (DLW) reliably measures TEE, but the results depend on the methods of calculation. These methods were validated and appraised by indirect calorimetry in eight rats during isolation (7 days) and simulated microgravity (10 days). There were no effects on CO(2) production in the method ...

The interplay of homeostasis and circadian rhythmicity in the control of body temperature was studied in the fat-tailed gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi). In a first study, the body temperature rhythm of 8 gerbils maintained at 24 degrees C under a 14L:10D light-dark cycle was studied by telemetry. Data from 9 other species of small mammals were also obtained for comparison. The gerbils were found t...

Capsinoids are non-pungent compounds with molecular structures similar to capsaicin, which has accepted thermogenic properties. To assess the acute effect of a plant-derived preparation of capsinoids on energy metabolism, we determined RMR and non-protein respiratory quotient (NPRQ) after ingestion of different doses of the capsinoids. Thirteen healthy subjects received four doses of the capsin...