Feeding behaviour of giraffe and okapi in captivity can differ significantly from the state in the wild. Duration and complexity of feeding and ruminating behaviour, and total amount of food ingested, are o�en reduced, while the energy content of the diet is increased compared to the wild. As known from domestic ca�le in intensive keeping systems, oral disturbances like tongue-playing or lickin...

BACKGROUND The safety and effectiveness of early oral feeding after colorectal surgery has not been determined. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate surgical outcomes following early oral feeding compared with traditional oral feeding in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identif...

BACKGROUND Early oral feeding for patients who underwent total laryngectomy is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of initiating early oral feeding after total laryngectomy regarding pharyngocutaneous fistula. The survey included research in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS. METHODS The intervention analyzed was early oral feeding (<5 days), whereas the contro...

Objectives: To determine whether, in a developing world context, early oral feeding after laryngectomy is safe, cost-effective and appropriate. Study design: A prospective study of early oral feeding after laryngectomy, compared with retrospective, historical delayed feeding controls. Method: Forty patients underwent total laryngectomy for advanced carcinoma of the larynx with or without hypoph...

PURPOSE: The goals of this study were to 1) describe the feeding skills of young children with cerebral palsy (CP); and 2) elucidate the type and severity of feeding problems for children with and without oral-motor involvement. METHOD: Parents of 37 children (16 females, 21 males) with CP, who ranged in age from 11-58 months (mean age = 41 months), completed questionnaires regarding their chi...

he proper growth of the infant is primarily a function of adequate nutritional intake, which depends on whether the infant can feed safely and successfully. Extensive studies have focused on the benefits of mother's milk and on the appropriate nutrients and growth-promoting factors that are needed in formula for optimal infant growth. 1-3 Less attention has been placed on understanding how infa...

PURPOSE To identify and systematize the main studies on the transition from enteral to oral feeding in preterm infants. RESEARCH STRATEGY Articles that describe the transition from oral to enteral feeding in preterm infants were located in MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO databases. SELECTION CRITERIA Original studies, with available abstract, published in the last 10 years were included. DATA...

Objective: Most   neonates admitted to neonatal wards do not tolerate sufficient milk.  Recently the effect of erythromycin on increasing feeding tolerance in neonates has been studied. In this study the effectiveness of oral, high dose Erythromycin a prokinetic agent was used to enhance feeding tolerance in these neonates.  Methods: This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was con...

Oral feeding competency is a major determinant of length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. An infant must be able to consistently demonstrate the ability to take all required enteral nutrition by mouth before discharge home. Most infants born prematurely (<37 weeks) will require days, if not weeks, to master this oral feeding competency skill. Inappropriately timed feeding attempts c...