human activities often adversely affect natural landscapes and ecosystems. natural landscapes consist of habitats, and habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity. environmental impact assessment (eia)as a systematic and well documented procedure to identify, describe and assess the direct and indirect effects of a developmental project in different environments does not co...

Palinurid lobsters are being exploited with increasing intensity in coral reef ecosystems, but marine protected areas may play a key role in preventing overfishing and local extinctions. In order to define the spatial requirements for protection, we compared the spatial and temporal patterns in distribution, density, biomass, size structure, and reproductive seasonality of Caribbean spiny lobst...

Seagrass beds form naturally patchy habitats with large areas of seagrass–sand interface, or edges. Fish were sampled at 3 sites in the temperate waters of Victoria, Australia, using small (0.5 m wide) push nets at 7 positions: unvegetated sand distant from the patch on the seaward side, the sand edge adjacent to the seagrass on the seaward side, the seagrass edge on the seaward side, the middl...

Human alteration of natural habitats may change the processes governing species interactions in wild communities. Wild populations are increasingly impacted by agricultural intensification, yet it is unknown whether this alters biodiversity mediation disease dynamics. We investigated association between plant diversity (species richness, diversity) and infection risk (virus prevalence) Plantago...

Alteration in the river flow regime due to intermittent hydropower production (i.e., hydropeaking) leads biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation worldwide. Due increasing shear of volatile green energy wind solar), hydropeaking frequency is deemed increase coming decades. However, our mechanistic understanding how repeated series multiple events) affects ecological processes still limited. ...

A novel technique for extracting texture edges is introduced. It is based on the combination of two ideas: the patch-based approach, and non-parametric tests of distributions. Our method can reliably detect texture edges using only local information. Therefore, it can be computed as a preprocessing step prior to segmentation, and can be very easily combined with parametric deformable models. Th...

Cross-habitat foraging movements of predators can have widespread implications for predator and prey populations, community structure, nutrient transfer, and ecosystem function. Although central-place foraging models and other aspects of optimal foraging theory focus on individual predator behavior, they also provide useful frameworks for understanding the effects of predators on prey populatio...

Biological edge effects are often assessed in high quality focal habitats that are negatively influenced by human-modified low quality matrix habitats. A deeper understanding of the possibilities for positive edge effects in matrix habitats bordering focal habitats (e.g. spillover effects) is, however, essential for enhancing landscape-level resilience to human alterations. We surveyed epixylic...

Every year a large number of bridges flooding in the river just when they most need them there destroy all born. Carried out. In this study, the four fulcrum forms a semi-circular, trapezoidal, rectangular edges rounded rectangle 90 degrees at 70 degrees in Sagittarius with four different discharges depth of constant scouring around the abutment in pure water were examined. For material of flum...