an investigation was carried out during april to december 2000 to study mosquito fauna and ecology in guilan prov ince of northern iran. the mosquito larvae were collected by dipping method and larval habitat characteristics recorded ac cording to hydro-ecological features. in total, 3937 larvae of the genus culex from 92 larval breeding sites were collected. six spe cies of the genus culex; cx...

background: ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. there is scattered pub­lished information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern iran. methods: this cross sectional investigation was carried out to study the mosquito...

Since the late Cambrian era, bryophytes have been shaping terrestrial ecosystems through unique and diverse suites of anatomical, physiological, morphological traits. In this review we highlight historical recent work in bryophyte functional ecology, with an emphasis on knowledge gaps opportunities for future work. While cannot always avoid temptation to contrast tracheophyte (especially angios...

Question: Population ecology and population genetics are treated separately in most textbooks. However, Darwin’s term the ‘struggle for existence’ included both natural selection and ecological competition. Using the simplest possible mathematical models, this paper searches for historical reasons for the lack of unity in ecological and evolutionary thought. Assumptions and methods: Logistic de...

Metagenomic approaches are now commonly used in microbial ecology to study microbial communities in more detail, including many strains that cannot be cultivated in the laboratory. Bioinformatic analyses make it possible to mine huge metagenomic datasets and discover general patterns that govern microbial ecosystems. However, the findings of typical metagenomic and bioinformatic analyses still ...

Human behavioural ecology (HBE) can be defined as the evolutionary ecology of human behaviour. Its central focus is how the behaviour of modern humans reflects our species’ history of natural selection. The field has grown rapidly over the last twenty years, in anthropology and other social and behavioural sciences. It passes under many names, including Darwinian (or evolutionary) anthropology,...

Disease and community ecology share conceptual and theoretical lineages, and there has been a resurgence of interest in strengthening links between these fields. Building on recent syntheses focused on the effects of host community composition on single pathogen systems, we examine pathogen (microparasite) communities using a stochastic metacommunity model as a starting point to bridge communit...