Background: In the last few years, a marked decrease in male fertility has been reported. Environmental factors were recently suspected for this problem. The misuse of medicines especially antibiotics are among environmental factors that can affect reproductive system. Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the family of fluoroquinolones with a very broad spectrum effect ...

IMPORTANCE An association of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been established. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism with MCI in a large population-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Randomly select...

background: repeated implantation failure (rif) is defined as pregnancy failure after two to six times with at least ten high grade embryo transfer to uterus. a variety of causes have been anticipated for rif, including anatomical, autoimmune, genetics, endocrine and thrombotic anomalies. factors responsible for rif have important implication regarding treatment however in many couples a perfec...

background: various approaches have been used in the attempts to improve the quality of frozen–thawed mouse sperms. according to literatures, it seems that hyaluronic acid (ha) has an important role on the permeability and motility of sperms and their interaction with gametes. objective: for evaluation of ha supplementation on sperm characteristics and fertilization capability, we investigated ...

BACKGROUND The influence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) with subclinical hypothyroidism or euthyroid status on the alteration of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2 levels remains uncertain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four untreated HT patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, 24 euthyroid HT patients, and 24 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled in the study. The levels of GL...

BACKGROUND Few population-based studies report the changes with time in thyroid function tests in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. We compared the risk for developing overt hypothyroidism in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and euthyroid controls from the same population of elderly Japanese. We also sought associations of selected parameters with the development of overt hypoth...

BACKGROUND Thyroid abnormalities affect a considerable portion of the population, and overt hypothyroidism is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and adverse changes in blood lipids. Subclinical hypothyroidism is also associated with an increase risk of cardiovascular disease. So, we undertook this study to investigate the prevalence of overt and subclinical thyroid disor...

In order to examine the prevalence of thyroid disease in a hospital outpatient setting, in an area of sufficient iodine intake, serum levels of TSH, T4, T3, anti-Tg and anti-TPO antibodies were examined in 909 individuals with an age range of 12.4 to 88.5 years, participating in a checkup outpatient setting. The study was conducted in Henry Dynant Hospital located in the metropolitan area of At...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of non-autoimmune subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in children with idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 30 children (age 1-18 y) with idiopathic SRNS; and 30 healthy controls. Serum T3, T4 and TSH were performed in cases as well as controls. Anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin a...