A one pot green three‐component coupling reaction of aldehyde, phenylacetylene, and amine derivatives in the presence of copper (II)–thioamide combination as a novel and efficient heterogeneous catalyst under solvent–free conditions is reported. The catalyst displayed high activity and afforded the corresponding propargylamines in good to high yields. The key to this procedure was the generatio...

Organocatalyst trityl chloride (Ph3CCl), by in situ formation of trityl carbocation with inherent instability, efficiently catalyzes the condensation of dimedone (5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione) (2 equiv.) with arylaldehydes (1 equiv.) under solvent-free conditions to afford 9-aryl-1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes in high to excellent yields and in relatively short reaction times. Formation of t...

1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 1 mol or 2 mol of dibenzalaceton with 1 mol of non-stabilized azomethinylides generated in situ by decarboxylative condensation of isatin and proline or sarcosine give the novel new spiro-oxindolo(pyrrolizidines/ pyrrolidines) instead of bis-spirooxindolo( pyrrolizidines/ pyrrolidines).

1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 1 mol or 2 mol of dibenzalaceton with 1 mol of non-stabilized azomethinylides generated in situ by decarboxylative condensation of isatin and proline or sarcosine give the novel new spiro-oxindolo(pyrrolizidines/ pyrrolidines) instead of bis-spirooxindolo( pyrrolizidines/ pyrrolidines).

background: flat urothelial lesions comprise a spectrum of morphologic changes ranging from reactive atypia to carcinoma in situ (cis). urothelial dysplasia and cis are associated with the recurrence and progression of urothelial carcinoma. distinguishing cis and dysplasia from reactive atypia based on histolopathogical features alone is often difficult. using different immunohistochemical mark...

background: various frequencies of sperm aneuploidy are reported in sperms of subfertile patients compared to normal individuals. moreover, sperm dna damage is shown to be associated with male infertility. in this study, the rate of dna damage and frequencies of aneuploidy in sperms of subfertile patients was investigated. methods: semen samples were obtained from healthy normal and subfertile ...

two facile and low cost routes were used for the synthesis of if-ws2 nanoparticles. in this paper, preparation of if-ws2 nanoparticles with two different methods was investigated. in the first method, wo3 nanoparticles were reacted with h2s gas in n2/h2 reducing atmosphere at 900 oc. the as-synthesized if-ws2 nanoparticles are spherical shape with an average size of about 70 nm.  in the second ...