In this paper, we investigate the relationship between carbon emissions, income, energy and total employment in selected OPEC countries for the period of 1971–2002. We mainly focus on the link between energy use and income. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, we find that there is a cointegrating relationship between the variables in Saudi Arabia only. The long run for...

Abstract The study seeks to empirically test the hypothesis that public debt has a significant influence on inflation in Zimbabwe, covering period 1980-2020. was motivated by recent trends and domestic need guide debt-inflation related policy. These latest have started ring alarming bells, which raises questions effectiveness of fiscal monetary policies bringing macroeconomic stability country....

This study tries to answer the question, “has macroeconomic instability detrimental impact on gross domestic product of Pakistan over the period of 1980 to 2012?” For reviewing macroeconomic instability a comprehensive macroeconomic instability index is constructed by incorporating inflation rate, unemployment rate, trade deficit and budget deficit. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model h...

There are some factors predicted tohave an effect on the countries’ economic devlopment. This study aimed to analyze long-term and short-term effects of In-flation, Exchange Rate, Foreign Economic Growth (the destination United States, China, Japan) Indonesian Export. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model is used in this analysis from 1968 through 2017. results show that long-term, i...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between water pollution, industrial agglomeration, and economic growth in 11 Chinese provinces China. Using a bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) analysis, we examine estimated models’ stability investigate Granger causality relationships system variables. The results indicate that our estimation provides evidence of long-run bidirecti...

This paper investigates the impact of public debt on inflation in Ghana using annual data during period 1983–2018. The study uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration and an error correction model examine this linkage. cointegrating regression results reveal evidence a stable long-run relationship between explanatory variables presence structural break....

This study examines the dynamic relationship between political environment and use of energy resources in Nigeria covering period from 1978-2017 using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The results reveal that democracy has a significant long run short positive influence on consumption Nigeria. However, effect decreases significantly with an increase level oil depend...

The present research assesses the influence of globalization and technological innovation on CO2 emissions in South Korea as well taking into account role renewable energy consumption utilizing datasets between 1980 2018. autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing method is utilized to assess long-run cointegration. outcome ARDL test confirmed cointegration among series. Furthermore, ...

Following the financial and debt crises in euro area global COVID pandemic, governments supported their economies by increasing borrowing accumulating with ambiguous long-run effects on non-performing loans (NPLs). We empirically investigate determinants of NPLs using quarterly (2003Q1-2020Q2) aggregate data for Greece applying autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. offe...