A new approach to web search that is based on a bee hive metaphor is presented. We proposed a modified model of a bee hive. Our model comprises of a dance floor, an auditorium, and a dispatch room. We have shown that the model is a true model of a bee hive in the sense it simulates several kinds of its typical behaviour. However, more importantly it is a simple model that describes some process...

BACKGROUND The National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium (NNTC) performed a brain gene expression array to elucidate pathophysiologies of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders. METHODS Twenty-four human subjects in four groups were examined A) Uninfected controls; B) HIV-1 infected subjects with no substantial neurocognitive impairment (NCI); C) Infected w...

The primary cause of HIV encephalopathy (HIVE) is the infection of the CNS caused by HIV. If untreated, some 15-20 % of patients will eventually develop the disease. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the incidence of the disorder has decreased. Other terms used for this condition with largely the same significance are AIDS dementia complex, AIDS dementia, HI...

Hive Box is a company that operates network of express unattended collection and delivery points (UCDPs) in China. distribution enhances community-based end-to-end services low-carbon city logistics. It argued UCDPs compared with attended (ACDPs) should be considered for further investigation. Therefore, the present study employed kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, geo...

Memantine, a low-to-moderate-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist, can be used to treat cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, its potential neuroprotective effects for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated (HIV-1-associated) dementia are less well appreciated. To this end we studied hippocampal synaptic function in a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mous...

Injection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) into the basal ganglia of severe combined immunodeficient mice recapitulates histopathologic features of HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE). Here, we show that the neural damage in HIVE mice extends beyond the basal ganglia and is associated with cognitive impairment. Morris water maze tests showe...

Approximately two thirds of patients with human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis (HIVE) show cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration, while one third are cognitively unimpaired and their neuronal populations are preserved. Thus, it is possible that these individuals might have the capacity to produce neurotrophic factors capable of protecting neurons against the deleterious effects of HIV...

HIV-1 infection of the brain results in chronic inflammation, contributing to the neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neurologic disease. HIV-1-infected mononuclear phagocytes (MP) present in inflammatory infiltrates produce neurotoxins that mediate inflammation, dysfunction, and neuronal apoptosis. Neurologic disease is correlated with the relative number of MP in and around inflammatory inf...

Vitellogenin is a female-specific glucolipoprotein yolk precursor produced by all oviparous animals. Vitellogenin expression is under hormonal control, and the protein is generally synthesized directly before yolk deposition. In the honeybee (Apis mellifera), vitellogenin is not only synthesized by the reproductive queen, but also by the functionally sterile workers. In summer, the worker popul...

The honey bee, Apis mellifera L., is host to a variety of microorganisms. The bacterial community that occupies the adult worker gut contains a core group of approximately seven taxa, while the hive environment contains its own distribution of bacteria that is in many ways distinct from the gut. Parasaccharibacter apium, gen. nov., sp. nov., is a hive bacterium found in food stores and in larva...