Long protocol of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-analougue (GnRH-a) can result in the formation of ovarian cyst by the transient initial stimulatory effect which increases the levels of both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). These cysts require surgical drainage or result in poor ovarian response. Ovarian cyst formation can be prevented by taking oral contraceptive...

background: apoptosis is a process that plays an important role during early stage of implantation. the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of apoptosis in mice endometrium after ovarian stimulation at implantation period. methods: nmri female mice were divided into two groups: 1) control group, which were rendered pseudopregnant by vaginal stimulation and 2) experimental group, ...

BACKGROUND Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is the absence of implantation after three consecutive In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) cycles with transferring at least four good quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under 40 years. The definition and management of RIF is under constant scrutiny. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Granulocyte colony stimula...

Long protocol of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-analougue (GnRH-a) can result in the formation of ovarian cyst by the transient initial stimulatory effect which increases the levels of both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). These cysts require surgical drainage or result in poor ovarian response. Ovarian cyst formation can be prevented by taking oral contraceptive...

BACKGROUND Most implantation failures after successful in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) result from inadequate uterine receptivity. There is currently no way to predict this receptivity. METHODS We investigated whether the detection of interleukin-(IL)18 by ELISA in uterine luminal secretions might predict implantation failure. Secretions of 133 patients enrolled in our IVF-ET ...

Implantation is arguably the most critical stage in the establishment of pregnancy. In humans, it has been estimated that between 30% and 70% of conceptuses are lost before or at the time of implantation, without women being aware that they were pregnant. Of these losses, half are probably a consequence of genetic defects in the conceptus. The etiology of the remaining losses is unknown. In hum...