Alkylpurines are liberated from alkylated DNA by glycosylase repair enzymes and, in most cases, excreted in urine without further metabolism. This phenomenon forms the basis of noninvasive methods to measure DNA alkylation in vivo. In the case of methyl adducts, such as 7-methylguanine (7-MeGua), natural backgrounds exist due to RNA turnover. However, deuterated (d3) methylating agents or precu...

This paper investigates the extent to which cleanup durations at Superfund sites reflect demographic biases incongruent with the principles of Environmental Justice. We argue that the duration of cleanup, conditional on a large number of site characteristics, should be independent of the race and income profile of the neighborhood in which the site is located. Since the demographic composition ...

The factors that affect cleanup cost are complex and interrelated. Each spill involves a unique set of circumstances that determine cleanup cost. Estimating a universal per-unit cleanup cost is essentially meaningless without taking into consideration factors such as location and oil type, which can profoundly influence costs. This paper examines the host of factors that impact cleanup cost in ...

volume 31 number 8 AuGuST 2013 nature biotechnology Babak Alipanahi and Brendan J. Frey are with the Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] the results with the known true network of inter actions (Fig. 1a). Both...

Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum, fungi that are ubiquitous in corn (maize). Insect damage and some other environmental conditions result in the accumulation of fumonisins in corn-based products worldwide. Current methods of fumonisin detection rely on the use of immunoaffinity columns and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The use o...

During 2011~2013, a total of 729 samples for 19 types of medicinal plant were collected from Seoulyekryungsi in Seoul, Korea, and investigated for the presence of aflatoxins. The samples were analyzed using immunoaffinity column cleanup and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector after post-column derivatization. Aflatoxins were found in 124 out of the 729 anal...

T-2 toxin is a mycotoxin produced by several species of common fungi capable of infesting human food and animal feeds. Lower-quality feeds given to chickens may be contaminated with T-2 toxin, which may affect their health. The literature suggests that T-2 toxin is transmitted from the hen to the eggs. This article describes the development of a liquid chromatographic assay for T-2 and the rela...

A rapid fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was optimized and validated for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in rye and rye crispbread. Samples were extracted with a mixture of acetonitrile/water (60:40, v/v) and purified by SPE-aminopropyl column clean-up before performing the FPIA. Overall mean recoveries were 86 and 95% for spiked rye and rye crispbread with relative standard...

We describe a highly selective and sensitive method for determination of estrone (E1) and beta-estradiol (E2) in sediments, using high-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight (HPLC-ToF) mass spectrometry. The method involved sequential cleanup of sediment extracts over solid phase extraction cartridges, normal phase HPLC, and immunoaffinity extraction, which combine to remove coeluting...