various commercial vaccines for immunization of broiler chickens against infectious bursal disease (ibd) are available, so it would be appropriate to compare the pathogenicity and immune response of chickens to these vaccines. in this study the pathogenicity and serologic response of four ibd vaccines, cloned d78®, bursine-2®, bursimune® and cevac gambo-l®, were evaluated in specific pathogen f...

today, the intractions of the immune system of the immune system, nutrition, and nervous system are one of the main research areas of interest in immunology and disease treatment. due to changes in the mood, behavior, and diet of an individual during fasting period, the body's internal homeostasis is affected. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ramadan fasting on l...

mast cells are a heterogeneous population of granulocytic cells in the immune system. mast cell granules contain numerous mediators, including neurotransmitters, cytokines, chemokines and lipid-derived factors. in addition to their well-known role in immune inflammation, the presence of mast cells in the meninges and perivascular space in the central nervous system points to their role in brain...

the pollutants due to effect on the immune system of fish increase fish sensitivity to pathogens. diazinon is one of the most used organophosphates pesticide in many agricultural areas. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of diazinon on the immune system of rainbow trout ( oncorhynchus mykiss ) and application of milk thistle plant, vitis vinifera extract to reduce the adverse effects of th...

hepatitis a is common in children and usually is a self-limiting disease.  although extrahepatic and hematological immune manifestations following acute hepatitis a virus (hav) infection have rarely been reported, they are frequently observed in other viral hepatitis. in this paper, we report the case of a 3-year-old girl who developed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) and hemolytic anemia ...

concerns have been raised about the adverse impact of dusty air pollution (dap) on human health. the aim of this study was to find the association between dusty air pollution based on air quality index (aqi) and the risk of allergic diseases in southwestern provinces of iran, with assessing cytokine profiles and lymphocyte immunophenotypes.in this case control study 148 individuals participated...

the immune responses of mice immunized with ovalbumin (ova) together with killed l. major (klm) promastigotes as adjuvant were studied. three doses (5 × 107, 1 × 108 and 2 × 108) of klm combined with ova (100 mg) were injected into the groups of c57bl/6 mice. bcg and complete freund’s adjuvant (cfa) were used as control adjuvants. lymphocyte proliferation and antibody titers were determined, an...

background: in an effort to understand what limits the virulence of malaria para­sites in relation to the host genetic and immunogenic background, we investi­gated the possibility that the parasite and host genotype crossover interac­tions constrain virulence. methods: two groups of mice from different genotypes were used (c57bl/6 (b6) and dba/2 mice). the mice were infected with a virulent par...

celiac disease (cd) is now considered a multiple and systemic immune-mediate disorder triggered by the ingestion of wheat gluten and related proteins. following the discovery of a link between gluten and cd, it was demonstrated that gliadin, one of the two principal protein groups comprising gluten, plays a key role in cd. it has since become clear that the different and crucial roles of gliadi...

introduction: toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection cause by toxoplasma gondii. this parasite is associated with congenital infection and can cause abortion, encephalitis or systemic infection in immune- compromised patients. case presentation in this study, two cases of central nervous system toxoplasmosis in leukemia patients are reported. the first case was a 15-year-old girl with acute lym...