We evaluated whether the brain kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) release in rats. Intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of bradykinin (0.24 nmol) increased plasma immunoreactive ACTH (irACTH) levels (from 93 +/- 4 to 200 +/- 12 pg/ml, P less than 0.01). This effect was prevented by icv kinin antagonist at 15.4 nmol/h (from 98 +/- 5 to 108 +/-...

Influenza virus motility is based on cooperation between two viral spike proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), and is a major determinant of virus infectivity. To translocate a virus particle on the cell surface, HA molecules exchange viral receptors and NA molecules accelerate the receptor exchange of HA. This type of virus motility was recently identified in influenza A virus (...

Captopril infused into the lateral ventricle (ICV) of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) decreases blood pressure. The current study was designed to explore the effects of brain converting-enzyme inhibition in young animals before the development of established hypertension and to characterize changes induced by captopril in a variety of pressor systems that might be responsible for th...

In the present study, we investigated the involvement of the brain renin-angiotensin system in the effects of central cholinergic stimulation on blood pressure in conscious, freely moving normotensive rats. In the first step, we determined the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) choline (50, 100 and 150 microg) on blood pressure. Choline increased blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner....

background and objectives: there is well established the beneficial effects of crocus sativus extract in learning and memory improvement. in the present study the effect of this plant in memory behavioral impairment and forbrain histological damage induced by stz-icv model of alzheimer disease were investigated. materials and methods: this study was conducted at shahed university (tehran) in 20...

The mechanisms and brain regions subserving the suppression of plasma renin concentration caused by intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of angiotensin II were studied in sodium-depleted sheep. Infusion of angiotensin II (3 microg/h for 1 hour) into the lateral ventricle reduced plasma renin from 4.3+/-0.4 to 1.6+/-0.2 pmol angiotensin I/mL per hour at 1 hour after the commencement of infusio...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to assess color vision abnormalities in a cohort of subjects with type II diabetes and elucidate associated risk factors. METHODS Subjects were recruited from follow-up cohort of Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study I. Six hundred and seventy-three eyes of 343 subjects were included from this population-based st...

Background and Objectives: There is well established the beneficial effects of Crocus sativus extract in learning and memory improvement. In the present study the effect of this plant in memory behavioral impairment and forbrain histological damage induced by STZ-icv model of Alzheimer disease were investigated. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Shahed University (Tehran) in 20...

Extensive evidence supports an important role for soluble oligomers of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in Alzheimer's Disease pathogenesis. In the present study we combined intracerebroventricular (icv) injections with brain microdialysis technology in the fully conscious rat to assess the effects of icv administered SDS-stable low-n Aβ oligomers (principally dimers and trimers) on excitatory and in...

Material and methods. A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley adult rats were divided into 4 groups of naive control (n = 6), sham-operated (n = 6), ICV-STZ + saline (n = 6) and ICV-STZ + rhEPO (n = 6). Twelve rats with Alzheimer’s disease, induced by STZ injection (3 mg/kg) into both lateral ventricles using a stereotaxic frame (bilaterally ICV-STZ), were divided into 2 groups 5 days after the STZ inject...