Freely available satellite data at Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform enables vegetation phenology analysis across different scales very efficiently. We evaluated seasonal and annual of the old-growth Hyrcanian forests (HF) northern Iran covering an area ca. 1.9 million ha, also focused on 15 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. extracted bi-weekly MODIS-NDVI between 2017 2020 in GEE, which was u...

during recent years, a series of climate projections provided for surface temperature increase and precipitation changes over the next century in various time slices. national institutes are using downscaling projections for more precise results. in this research study, various climate change projections in global, continental, regional and local scales have been examined in special forest ecos...

the effects of initial spacing layout on some allometric characteristics of 12-year-old quercus castaneifolia trees grown in central mazandaran, north of iran were examined. trees were planted in 5 different layouts (1?1, 1.5?1.5, 2?2.5, 2?3 and 4?4 m). tree height, diameter at breast height, natural pruning height and the survival of trees were recorded in each sample plot. tree basal area and...

this research develops an allometric model for estimation of biomass based on the height and dbh of trees in the hyrcanian forests of iran. an accurate allometric model reduces the uncertainty of allometric equation in biomass estimation using radar images. in this study, 317 trees were selected randomly from the 4 different dominant tree species for the development of an allometric model cover...

One of the most important issues indicating quality and quantity forest ecosystems is distribution natural disturbances resulting in canopy gaps (CGs). The present study was conducted one Hyrcanian beech forests northern Iran summer 2018. gap areas were classified into small (< 200 m2), medium (200‒500 m2) large (500–1 000 on basis full inventory. univariate Ripley’s L-function used for introdu...

chestnut-leaved oak (quercus castaneifolia c. a. mey) is one of the most important native oaks of iran distributed in the hyrcanian forests. the pure and mixed stands of it cover about 6.5% of these forests. the species represents morphological variations which have resulted in the description of several infraspecific taxa by different authors. eight taxa were recognized as subspecies and varie...

the relocation of nutrients and water fluxes to the forest floor varies spatially due to partition of rainfall into throughfall and stemflow by tree canopies. in this study, nutrient concentrations of rainfall and stemflow were measured for seven rainfall events in chaboksar area in the hyrcanian ecozone of iran composed of juglans regia linn and cup. sempervirens l. var. fastigiata where such ...

Resource sustainability requires a thorough understanding of the influence of forest management programs on the conservation of genetic diversity in tree populations. To observe how differences in forest management affect the genetic structure of Fagus orientalis Lipsky (oriental beech), we evaluated thirteen beech sites across Hyrcanian forests, based on six microsatellite loci. Significant di...

the present study describes approaches for the identification of individual beech trees using maternal tissues from their seeds or fruits. four microsatellite markers were used for genetic analysis of seedlots from fagus orientalis lipsky, a highly out-crossing tree species. seeds from 11 single-tree harvests belonging to one population, (7 seeds from each), as well as non-paranchymatic materna...