A high urinary pH is main risk factor for the calcium phosphate stone formation; however, its pathophysiologic mechanism has not been fully understood. The introduction of Topiramate in the treatment of various neurological disorders has been complicated by metabolic acidosis, significant hypocitraturia, elevated urinary pH, and calcium phosphate stone formation. This model provides a probe to ...

Objective Kidney stone disease has high rates of recurrence. In order to avert a recurrent episode, metabolic risk factors should be evaluated during follow-up. The study is aimed to investigate the metabolic abnormalities in patients with kidney stone and to explore whether metabolic disorders are associated with types of the stone. Methods A total of 34 patients with renal stone were recruite...

BACKGROUND Obesity is a worldwide challenging health problem. Weight loss through medical management of obesity has not always been successful, thus, giving rise to the need for surgical intervention. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be helpful for morbidly obese patients. However, studies have also shown the effect of surgery on stone formation, fertility and erectile function. This review ...

Sir, In a previous communication, about 10 years ago, we presented two patients with erythrocytosis associated with renal tubular acidosis type-I (RTA-I). At that time their work-up had revealed severe metabolic acidosis, alkaline urine, hypokalaemia, hypocitraturia, extensive nephro-calcinosis and increased serum eythropoietin levels, despite abnormally elevated haematocrit values. Therefore, ...

Dietary sodium chloride intake is nowadays globally known as one of the major threats for cardiovascular health. However, there is also important evidence that it may influence idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis onset and recurrence. Higher salt intake has been associated with hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia, which are major risk factors for calcium stone formation. Dietary salt restriction c...

Numerous cases of enamel renal syndrome have been previously reported. Various terms, such as enamel renal syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta and gingival fibromatosis syndrome, and enamel-renal-gingival syndrome, have been used for patients presenting with the dental phenotype characteristic of this condition, nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis, and gingival findings. This report describes a c...

AIM To analyse current literature focusing on pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of urolithiasis with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and following bariatric surgery. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, supplemented with additional references. Studies assessing the association of IBD or bariatric surgery with renal stones in both paediatric and adulthood were...

BACKGROUND The formation of urinary tract stones following renal transplantation is a rare complication. The clinical features of stones after transplantation differ from those of non-transplant patients. Renal colic or pain is usually absent and rarely resembles acute rejection. METHODS We retrospectively studied 849 consecutive kidney transplant patients in The Rogosin Institute/The Weill-C...

DICARBOXYLATES ARE THE SUBSTRATES for oxidative phosphorylation, aka the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle. Some of these substrates are synthesized within cells. However, epithelia with high metabolic needs (e.g., the small intestine and kidney) bring these substrates directly into cells. The plasma membrane of cells separates the outside world from the inside due to the hydrophobic core of thi...