This article presents a succinct understanding of how to diagnose and manage hypersomnias of central origin, including narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, and recurrent hypersomnias.

Abstract Introduction In the words of Michel Salmon, " Between anatomy and physiology there is room for a functional physiologic “. This concept was applied to analyze our (1) Sleep Research 21, 1992,341 (2) 22, 1993, 363, (3) SLEEP 31, 2008, A219 publications on patients with Hypersomnia who had intracranial extracranial blood flow evaluations. Methods For “Functional Anatomy”, Intracranial ce...

Volitional sleep deprivation and obstructive sleep apnea are the most common causes of hypersomnia. The remaining causes are primarily due to p r imary cen t r a l ne rvous sys t em abnormalities, the most common of which is narcolepsy, a primary disorder of the neural control of wakefulness and sleep.

CONTEXT Narcolepsy, a neurological disorder affecting 1 in 2000 individuals, is associated with HLA-DQB1*0602 and low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin (orexin) levels. OBJECTIVES To delineate the spectrum of the hypocretin deficiency syndrome and to establish CSF hypocretin-1 measurements as a diagnostic tool for narcolepsy. DESIGN Diagnosis, HLA-DQ, clinical data, the multiple sleep la...

Received, October 25, 2001. Accepted, August 12, 2002. OBJECTIVE: To systematically report the complications of pallidotomy and to tentatively determine the incidences of complications of pallidotomy, possible influencing factors, and the acceptability of symptomatic hemorrhage rates for microelectrodeguided pallidotomy. METHODS: Clinical events were analyzed for 1116 patients with Parkinson’s ...

RATIONALE We report on restoration of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), compressed by an intracerebral hematoma and perihematomal edema following a stroke. The restoration of the ARAS was demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). PATIENT CONCERNS In a 60-year-old male, a brain MRI taken at 2 weeks after the surgery showed a hematoma and perihematomal edema in the le...

Patients with hypersomnia disorders (HD) suffer from debilitating symptoms that result in reduced functioning, depression, anxiety, and overall worse quality of life. Little is known about the need and desire of this population to utilize behavioral sleep medicine (BSM) interventions that focus on psychosocial functioning and quality of life, and there have been limited attempts to develop such...

Abstract Introduction Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is a hypnagogic parasomnia where the patient experiences loud noise or flash of light and often reports distress secondary to stimulus. EHS relatively uncommon, our knowledge, there has been only one published report comorbid narcolepsy, describing 38-year-old male. This focuses on pediatric case EHS, evaluating possible narcolepsy sleep apnea...