A new bio-based dimethacrylate (EMHO) consisting of three isomers, that is (ethane-1,2-diyl-bis(9-methacryloyloxy-10-hydroxy octadecanoate) [EMHO-i1], ethane-1,2-diyl-9-hydroxy-10-methacryloyloxy-9′-methacryloyloxy-10′-hydroxy octadecanoate [EMHO-i2], and ethane-1,2-diyl-bis(9-hydroxy-10-methacryloyloxy [EMHO-i3]), was made by a three-step reaction starting from esterification oleic acid with e...

This paper analyzes the increasing tariff protection in the Spanish iron and steel industry over the first third of the 20th century. Learning effects are explicitly included to model a dynamic game of trade liberalization. The government chooses the tariff level while firms decide how much to produce each period. Firm’s production decisions determine their future cost levels. Assuming that lea...

A facile, sustainable method for the selective modification of aliphatic hydroxy (R–OH) groups in Kraft lignin was developed using an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimOAc), as a solvent and catalyst. Selective R–OH achieved by one-pot, two-step homogeneous reaction: (i) acetylation aromatic OH (Ar–OH) with isopropenyl (IPAc) acyl donor (ii) subsequent deacetylation generat...

A theoretical study on the multi-channel hydrogen addition of maleimide containing 2-hydroxy-benzophenone onto polyethylene in ultra-violet (UV) radiation cross-linking process was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6–311 + G(d,p) level. The energetic information and minimum energy path (MEP) are calculated for nine reaction channels. electrophilic reactions two p...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects a 50 Hz electric field on brain tissue and positive juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) antioxidant activity, using immunohistochemical technique male Wistar-Albino rats. blood were also examined biochemical, physiological comet methods. Animals randomly divided into three groups (eight in each group): group I: control, II: field, II...

In addition to the w-5 olefinic acids found in other Grevillea species, about 10% ?f the acyl groups of G. decOI'a seed oil contain a hydroxy group and an w-5 double bond. Th: chamlengths of these acids are from C22 to C30 , with the largest concentration at the C26 and C28 chamle.ngths. ~le hydroxy group is located on odd carbons from carbon-5 through carbon-l3. These a~lds prevIously .were ~n...

Cortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxy-20 beta-dihydroprogesterone, or a combination of the last 2 steroids, were injected into different groups of immature female Epinephelus. None of the steroids tested had significant effects on serum electrolyte level, and hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices. Serum glucose concentration was elevat...

A chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialic acid from inexpensive N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is described. In a three-step Wittig-protection-ozonolysis strategy manno-configured aldehydes are obtained. Treatment with oxaloacetate in the presence of macrophomate synthase affords the signature α-keto-γ-hydroxy acid moiety with high diastereoselectivity.