The unsaturated soil hydraulic properties are often described using Mualem–van Genuchten (MVG) type analytical functions. Recent studies suggest several shortcomings of these functions near saturation, notably the lack of second-order continuity of the soil water retention function at saturation and the inability of the hydraulic conductivity function to account for macroporosity. We present a ...

The present study is an attempt to treat the coffee processing wastewater using upflow anaerobic hybrid reactor which offers the advantage of both suspended and attached growth anaerobic reactor systems. Upflow anaerobic hybrid reactor with a volume of 19.5 L was operated at 24 h hydraulic retention time. After the startup period, the reactor was evaluated by operating at different hydraulic re...

The scaling theory approach has been widely used as an effective method to describe the variation of soil hydraulic properties. In conventional scaling, reference retention curves and scaling factors are determined from minimization of residuals. Most previous studies have shown that scaling factors are lognormally distributed. In this study, we derived physically based scaling factors, assumin...

a pilot anaerobic filter was used to remove cod from babolsar fiberboard production wastewater. the anaerobic filter was packed with ceramic packings and operated at different organic loading rates of 2.4 and 8 kg cod/m3 /day, in 20, 10 and 5 days hydraulic retention time (hrti), respectively. the reactor achieved cod removal of 80.3%, 81% and 79% for hrt 20, 10 and 5 days, respectively. in add...

upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactors have been widely used for treatment of industrial wastewater. in this study, performance of a lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactor, treating a chemical synthesis-based pharmaceutical wastewater, was evaluated under different operating conditions. a (p.e) pipe with a diameter of 250 mm and total height of 120 cm and effective h...

The objective of this study is to compare the removal of Taenia eggs to the removal of Ascaris eggs in a wastewater stabilization pond system consisting of three ponds in series, where the hydraulic residence time distribution has been characterized via a tracer study supported by computational fluid dynamics modeling. Despite a theoretical hydraulic retention time of 30 days, the peak dye conc...