To study human evolution [4], researchers sometimes use microstructures found in human teeth and their knowledge of the processes by which those structures grow. Human fetuses begin to develop teeth in utero. As teeth grow, they form a hard outer substance, called enamel, through a process called amelogenesis. During amelogenesis, incremental layers of enamel form in a Circadian rhythm. This rh...

The analysis of big data is changing industries, businesses and research since large amounts of data are available nowadays. In the area of microstructures, acquisition of (3D tomographic image) data is difficult and time-consuming. It is shown that large amounts of data representing the geometry of virtual, but realistic 3D microstructures can be generated using stochastic microstructure model...

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) hierarchical microstructures were synthesized by using a facile and nontoxic hydrothermal route, which were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectra, and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The results and analysis show that surfactants used in the hydrothermal process have significant effect on the phase structures, morphologies...

To study human evolution [4], researchers sometimes use microstructures found in human teeth and their knowledge of the processes by which those structures grow. Human fetuses begin to develop teeth in utero. As teeth grow, they form a hard outer substance, called enamel, through a process called amelogenesis. During amelogenesis, incremental layers of enamel form in a Circadian rhythm. This rh...

This paper presents a method of particle manipulation by dielectrophoresis (DEP) and immobilization using photo‐crosslinkable resin inside microfluidic devices. High speed particle manipulation, including patterning and concentration control by DEP was demonstrated. Immovable and movable microstructures embedding particles were fabricated on‐ chip. Several microelec...

We test the notion that many microstructures have an underlying stationary probability distribution. The stationary probability distribution is ubiquitous: we know that different windows taken from a polycrystalline microstructure generally ‘look alike’. To enable computation of such a probability distribution, we represented microstructures in the form of undirected probabilistic graphs called...

A method for precise multi-spot parallel ultrafast laser material structuring is presented based on multi-beam interference generated by dynamic spatial phase engineering. A Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) and digitally programming of phase masks are used to accomplish the function of a multi-facet pyramid lens, so that the laser beam can be spatially modulated to create beam multiplexing and des...

In this paper, the enhancement of light extraction efficiency in III–nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with an array of microstructures is demonstrated numerically and experimentally at the near-ultraviolet (n-UV) spectral region. Two different microstructures are adopted to study the mechanism, including the shallow etching of microstructures on the indium–tin-oxide (ITO) p-contact an...

The study and optimization of epoxy-based negative photoresist (SU-8) microstructures through a low-cost process and without the need for cleanroom facility is presented in this paper. It is demonstrated that the Ultraviolet Rays (UV) exposure equipment, commonly used in the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) industry, can replace the more expensive and less available equipment, as the Mask Aligner th...

We prepared urchin-like micron-sized ZnO cavities with high optical quality by oxidizing metallic Zn and proposed the mechanism that resulted in the growth of the urchin-like microstructures. The photoluminescence spectra of the ZnO microstructures had a predominant excitonic emission at room temperature. The lasing properties of the urchin-like ZnO microstructures were investigated systematica...