Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts in buildings are typically hollow metal pipes which can be used as waveguides to carry signals and provide the network access to offices. Knowledge of channel properties is crucial to designing such a communication system. This paper presents a propagation model for a straight HVAC duct terminated at both ends. At high frequencies this duc...

The paper presents the development and application of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) technologies to a large-scale HVAC system, their on-line implementation, and results from several demonstrations. The two technologies are executed at the supervisory level in a hierarchical control architecture as extensions of a baseline Building Management System (BM...

The paper presents the development and application of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) technologies to a large-scale HVAC system, their on-line implementation, and results from several demonstrations. The two technologies are executed at the supervisory level in a hierarchical control architecture as extensions of a baseline Building Management System (BM...

Static electric field therapy by high voltage alternating current (EF-HVAC) is a traditional complementary Japanese medicine used for headache, shoulder stiffness, chronic constipation and insomnia. Open-label studies and clinical experience in Japan have suggested that this electric field therapy is safe and effective in treating chronic arthritis. We evaluated the efficacy of EF-HVAC therapy ...

ASHRAE 55-2004 and ISO 7730 standards failed to predict actual comfort level and lead to oversize design of HVAC system. So proper thermal environment monitoring is an important subject to have right size of HVAC systems. A prototype thermal EM system has been developed. Thermal environment parameters such as: temperature, relative humidity, CO and CO2 are measured by using the developed system...

Viral metagenomic analysis of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters recovered the near-complete genome sequence of a novel virus, named HVAC-associated RNA virus 1 (HVAC-RV1). The HVAC-RV1 genome is most similar to those of picorna-like viruses identified in arthropods but encodes a small domain observed only in negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.

In a power system, having a high level of renewable energy penetration requires a large amount of ancillary services to balance the supply and demand in real time. Commercial buildings have significant thermal capacity and so offer large potential for providing such services. Recent research has shown that the power consumption of the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system can...

The initial capital outlay is one of the largest expenses of any HVAC system. Estimating these costs accurately is crucial to any HVAC economic analysis. In this article, initial cost models are investigated. A literature study reveals different methods for estimating initial costs. None of these are suitable for use during the conceptual design stage. They are either too simplified or require ...

The overall attainable reduction in energy consumption and enhancement of human comfort of Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are dependant on thermodynamic behavior of buildings as well as performance of HVAC components and device control strategies. In this paper by refining the models of HVAC components, the influence of integrated control of shading blinds and natural...