Researchers have long been interested in nding simple axiomatizations of theories, including Boolean algebra. Boolean algebra can be axiomatized in many diierent ways using various sets of operations. The ordinary operations of Boolean algebra are disjunction (+), conjunction (), negation (0), zero (0), and one (1). One of the rst simple axiomatizations was presented by E. V. (Associativity) ((...

After the disintegration of former Soviet Union in 1989, debate started among the intellectuals as well as policy makers in USA about the future shape of world politics and role of the US in it. In this regard, early voice was Francis Fukuyama’s “The End of History” which focused on political ideologies as the main unit of analysis. To him, after the end of cold war, western liberal democracy h...

The BACHD rat is a recently developed transgenic animal model of Huntington disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extensive loss of striatal neurons. Cognitive impairments are common among patients, and characterization of similar deficits in animal models of the disease is therefore of interest. The present study assessed the BACHD rats' performance in the delayed ...

Huntington's chorea is an hereditary disorder of the central nervous system characterized by the appearance in adult life of progressive chorea and dementia, and inherited in single autosomal dominant fashion with complete penetrance. The essential pathological features of Huntington's chorea are a primary loss of cells in the caudate nucleus and the putamen, and similar involvement of the cere...

The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation is hypothesized to play an important role in Huntington disease, a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the protein huntingtin. Neurotoxic metabolites of the kynurenine pathway, generated in microglia and macrophages, are present at increased levels in the brains of patients and mouse models during early stages of dis...

AIM This paper is a report of a study conducted to examine the emotional experience of caregiving by family carers of people with Huntington disease and to describe strategies they used to deal with that experience. BACKGROUND Huntington disease, commonly diagnosed in young to middle adulthood, is an inherited single gene disorder involving loss of cognitive, motor and neuropsychiatric functi...

introduction: huntington disease (hd) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which affects movement control system of the brain. hd symptoms lead to patient’s gait change and influence stride time intervals. in this study, we present a grey box mathematical model to simulate hddisorders. this model contains main physiological findings about bg. methods: we used artificial neural networks (a...