the invention of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been a milestone in the history of biological and medical sciences. the applications of pcr have not only completely revolutionised the research in the field of molecular genetics as well as animal and plant biotechnology, but the technique has also proved its relevance and ingenious utility in other fields of forensic sciences, molecular sys...

The Human Genome Project was completed in April 2003 [1]. All of the 3.2 billion base pairs in the entire human genome have been sequenced in this project. The Human Genome Project is a revolutionizing biological and medical research [2]. However, it was just the starting point for us to understand the function of our genome. Extraordinary amount of information generated from the Human Genome P...

The Human Genome Project has generated a blueprint for the approximately 20,300 gene-encoded proteins potentially active in any of 230 cell types that make up the human body (human proteome). However, based on the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot database content, about 6000 of at the protein level; for many others, there is very little information related to protein function, abundance, subcellular locali...

PURPOSE To increase nurses' genetics and genomics literacy through a series of articles focused on genomic research discoveries and their importance for nursing education, practice, policy, and research. ORGANIZING FRAMEWORK "Genomics for Health " is one of three themes, along with genomes to biology and genomes to society, emanating from applications of the Human Genome Project (HGP). METH...

Thinking big comes naturally to many biologists. Pursuing biological research on a monumental scale traditionally has not. Given the depth of that dichotomy, it is amazing that any established scientist would consider signing on to a biological research endeavor of the magnitude of the Human Genome Project (HGP), let alone agree to help steer the ship. Yet, each of us did. Now that biology’s fi...

Are new concepts needed in biomedical ethics to keep pace with the developments in postHuman Genome Project genomics? This thesis examines the challenges that developments in post-Human Genome Project (HGP) genomics pose to the established concepts and practices of – Western world – biomedical ethics. These challenges are relevant to the various roles that ethics plays, as for example, its role...

Received: 24/Feb/2014, Accepted: 7/Jul/2014 Abstract Chromosome-centric human proteome project (C-HPP) is a recent initiative to rationalize and analyze gene-protein and protein-protein interactions in normal and disease conditions. This initiative is aimed to generate the proteomic atlas explaining the molecular architecture of the human body and was initiated in response to the hurdles identi...

Completion of the Human Genome Project was announced on April 14, 2003, as the whole human genome was sequenced. The Human Genome Project was proposed in the mid-1980s aiming to sequence the whole human genome. Yet, its realization was thought to be almost impossible since a considerable amount of time was required to complete the whole genome sequencing with the analysis technology at that tim...