Within the family of serotonin receptors, the 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT(3)) receptor is the only ligand-gated ion channel. It is composed of five subunits, of which the 5-HT(3A) and 5-HT(3B) subunits are best characterized. Several studies, however, have reported on the functional diversity of native 5-HT(3) receptors, which cannot solely be explained on the basis of the 5-HT(3A) and 5-HT(3B)...

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) plays key roles in sleep-wakefulness regulation. Evidence indicates that 5-HT2 receptors are involved mainly in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) regulation and respiratory control. Here, we investigated the relative contribution of 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2B), and 5-HT(2C) receptor subtypes to NREMS and breathing during sleep, using 5-HT2 subtype-selective ligan...

Abstract We present and analyse the Hough transform (HT) to recognise approximate space curves in digital models, a problem that is not currently addressed by standard HT. Our method works on meshes point clouds applies models even incomplete or affected noise, thus being suitable for analysis of deriving from 3D scans. In our approach we take advantage recent HT formulation algebraic define bo...

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) may affect the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical course and prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC).In this study, our aim is to increase awareness in these cases by revealing different aspects DTCs found with HT compared only DTCs. For purpose, current studies HT+DTC were reviewed, compared, evaluated, their differences from DTC revealed. It...

The aim of the current study was to identify enteric 5-HT(4) splice variants, locate enteric 5-HT(4) receptors, determine the relationship, if any, of the 5-HT(4) receptor to 5-HT(1P) activity, and to ascertain the function of 5-HT(4) receptors in enteric neurophysiology. 5-HT(4a), 5-HT(4b), 5-HT(4e), and 5-HT(4f) isoforms were found in mouse brain and gut. The ratio of 5-HT(4) expression to th...

Widespread adoption of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) and HT-PEM electrochemical hydrogen pumps (HT-PEM ECHPs) requires models computational tools that provide accurate scale-up optimization. Knowledge-based modeling has limitations as it is time consuming information about the system not always available (e.g., material properties interfacial behavior betw...

Serotonin receptors 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(7) are highly coexpressed in brain regions implicated in depression. However, their functional interaction has not been established. In the present study we show that 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(7) receptors form heterodimers both in vitro and in vivo. Foerster resonance energy transfer-based assays revealed that, in addition to heterodimers, homodimers composed eith...

Six plant sources of hydrolyzable tannins (HT) or HT and condensed tannins (CT; designated as HT1, HT2, HT3, HT + CT1, HT + CT2, and HT + CT3) were evaluated to determine their effects in vitro on CH(4) production and on ruminal archaeal and protozoa populations, and to assess potential differences in biological activities between sources containing HT only or HT and CT. Samples HT1, HT2, and H...

The aim of this study was to determine the height(Ht) and weight(Wr) of Kermanian student aged 6-17 years.for this purpose in a cross- sectional study by a multi- stage sampling method,3419 healthy girls and 3287 healthy boys were studied for Ht and Wt. For a more precise evaluation of results the students were divided into two groups: 6-10 ( first group) and 11-17  years old( second group). In...