While two prophylactic HPV vaccines have been proven notably efficacious in clinical trials, the effectiveness of these vaccines at the population level remains to be evaluated. To lay the foundation for understanding the strengths and limitations of different endpoints for future effectiveness research, we present a comprehensive review of HPV-related clinical outcomes, including: (i) HPV type...

This issue of the Journal presents the results of an experimental project describing the technology and the model system to generate novel human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines. Rather than using the immune capacity of the L1 capsid epitopes, these prototypes are based on the unique properties of the L2 protein of the capsid to induce broad-spectrum (BS) HPV antigenic recognition and the formatio...

OBJECTIVE To examine parents' preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for HPV vaccines. METHODS A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was used. Parents with at least one daughter aged 9-13 years residing in Songkhla province were asked to choose one alternative from each DCE choice set describing HPV vaccines by four attributes, including cervical cancer risk reduction, genital warts risk reduc...

The immunization of adolescent girls with the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines, a bivalent Cervarix and a quadrivalent Gardasil, has been widely introduced to prevent uterine and cervical cancer (1). Since the regulatory approval of the first quadrivalent HPV vaccine in 2006 and later the bivalent HPV vaccine, as of 2011, about 120 million doses have been distributed worldwide (1). Since 20...

Previously, we developed a non-replicating recombinant baculovirus coated with human endogenous retrovirus envelope protein (AcHERV) for enhanced cellular delivery of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16L1 DNA. Here, we report the immunogenicity of an AcHERV-based multivalent HPV nanovaccine in which the L1 segments of HPV 16, 18, and 58 genes were inserted into a single baculovirus genome of AcHERV. ...

Persistent infection by 'high risk' genotypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) is necessary but not sufficient for the development of over 98% of cervical cancers. Thus the development of vaccines that prevent HPV transmission represent an important opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. There are several prophylactic HPV vaccine formulations based upon L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) currently i...

BACKGROUND Analysing public opinions on HPV vaccines on social media using machine learning based approaches will help us understand the reasons behind the low vaccine coverage and come up with corresponding strategies to improve vaccine uptake. OBJECTIVE To propose a machine learning system that is able to extract comprehensive public sentiment on HPV vaccines on Twitter with satisfying perf...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) types cause approximately 70% of cervical cancer worldwide. Two vaccines have been recently evaluated in randomized controlled trials: the bivalent vaccine for HPV 16 and 18 (Cervarix, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) and the quadrivalent vaccine for HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 (Gardasil, Merck and Co, Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ). We have performed a system...

Cervical cancer is ranked the first or second most common cancer in women of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia. Cervical cancer is almost exclusively caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), and majority of the cases can be prevented with the use of HPV vaccines. The HPV vaccines have demonstrated high vaccine efficacies against HPV infection and cervical cancer precursors in clinic...

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in Ethiopia. This may be due to the high prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in the population. So far, few studies have been done that showed the presence of HR-HPV genotypes. The HR-HPV-16, -18, -52, -56, -31 and -58 were the most common genotypes reported in Ethiopia. The introduction of HPV vaccine...