In previous work [Meese et al. (1995). Vision Research, 35, 2879-2888)] we showed that one-dimensional (1D) speed gradients are sufficient to produce a compelling impression of surface slant. Summing a 1D vertical shearing gradient or, less intuitively, a 1D horizontal shearing gradient with a random field of horizontally translating dots produces perceived slant about a horizontal axis. Simila...

background: vision therapy/orthoptics(vt/o) is a package of treatments that enables patients to achieve the maximum level of visual performance.the aim was to determine the effect of three months vision therapy/orthoptics on best corrected visual acuity (bcva), fusion, stereopsis and ocular alignment in 3-7 year old children. materials and methods: in this randomized clinical trial study, 80 ch...

We previously found that subjects switched 'ocular dominance' as a function of horizontal gaze direction in a reaching task [Vision Res. 41 (14) (2001) 1743]. Here we extend these findings to show that when subjects pointed to targets across the horizontal binocular field, they aligned the fingertip with a vertical plane located between the eyes and the target. This eye-target plane gradually s...

It has become accepted that the horse cannot see directly in front when the nose is lowered and must therefore rely on the rider. We tested the hypothesis that this conclusion would be correct only if the horse did not adjust the eyeball horizontal axis to changes of the head position. The results of the present study suggest that it is unlikely that horses have limited vision in relation to th...

Examinations of the early vision system of mammals have shown Gabor-like behaviour of the simple cell responses. Furthermore, the advantages of Gabor-like image ltering are evident in computer vision. This causes strong demand to achieve Gabor-like responses in biology inspired spiking neural networks and so we propose a neural vision network based on spiking neurons with Gabor-like simple cell...

Dark and light adaptation of retinal neurons allow our vision to operate over an enormous light intensity range. Here we report a mechanism that controls the light sensitivity and operational range of rod-driven bipolar cells that mediate dim-light vision. Our data indicate that the light responses of these cells are enhanced by sustained chloride currents via GABA(C) receptor channels. This se...

Disconjugate oculomotor adaptation is driven by the need to maintain binocular vision. Since binocular vision in Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS) patients is normal in half of their horizontal field of gaze (i.e., sound-side of gaze), we wondered whether oculomotor adaptive capabilities are efficient despite such a severe impairment of eye motility towards the other half of the horizontal field ...

While the ability to analyze polarized light is widespread among animals, its contribution to form vision has not yet been documented. We tested the hypothesis that polarization vision can be used for object discrimination, by training octopuses to distinguish between targets on the basis of the presence or absence of a pattern produced by a 90 degrees polarization contrast within the target. O...

We studied the dynamics of pure vergence shifts and vergence shifts combined with vertical and horizontal saccades. It is known from earlier studies that horizontal saccades accelerate horizontal vergence. We wanted to obtain a more complete picture of the interactions between version and vergence. Therefore we studied pure version (horizontal and vertical), pure vergence (divergence and conver...