نتایج جستجو برای: hookah smoking
تعداد نتایج: 93382 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
objectives: the mean age of cigarette smoking has decreased along with an increase in its prevalence, in developing countries. the aim of this systematic review is to determine the prevalence of lifetime, current and daily smoking among middle school students in iran . methods: various search methods have been used in this study including searching different international databanks such as pubm...
Background: Smoking hookah is recognized as a growing health problem in Iran and many countries in the world and its harmful outcomes on human health have attracted attention of medical community. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting on hookah smoking in male students who are living in dormitories of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Methods : This study was a de...
BACKGROUND It is clear that tobacco smoking and substance abuse have negative consequences on adolescent and youth's health. Tobacco smoking especially hookah smoking has increased worldwide especially among university students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of risk-taking behaviors such as cigarette smoking, hookah smoking, alcohol use, and drug abuse and its predictors in stude...
F or young adults who frequent hookah bars, water pipe smoking leads to elevated levels of nicotine, cotinine, tobacco-related carcinogens, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine. These findings, published May 16 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention, raise alarms about a practice rapidly gaining in popularity. " We should forget the myth that hookah smoking is not harmful,...
Introduction: Due to the growing trend of hookan smoking as one of the serious threats to health and given that the risk of hookan smoking has not been explained well in the society, this plan aimed at determining predictive factors of water pipe smoking among pre-university students in Yazd. Methods: The analytical-descriptive study was done by using the cross-sectional method ...
Background & Aim: Waterpipe smoking during pregnancy is a health problem, and interventions must be designed for its cessation. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of motivational interviewing (MI) on self-efficacy to quit hookah smoking in pregnant women. Methods & Materials: The randomized clinical trial was conducted on 140 pregnant women who smoked hookah and lived in the...
BACKGROUND Water pipe tobacco smoking is spreading globally and is increasingly becoming popular in the United States, particularly among young people. Although many perceive water pipe smoking to be relatively safe, clinical experimental studies indicate significant exposures to tobacco smoke carcinogens following water pipe use. We investigated biomarkers of nicotine intake and carcinogen exp...
Hookah use has become popular among adults, especially young students. And this is an important issue for the future of society. More knowledge is needed to examine. This study determination the use of hookah with using the extended parallel process model. Among student in Mashhad has been. This study was a cross sectional research on male student in Mashhad on bachelor education in 91-92 ac...
Purpose: Hazard of smoking tobacco is believed to be minimized by smoking hubble-bubble (HB) instead of cigarettes. Our aims were to evaluate and compare the effect of smoking on antioxidant status, lipid profile and cardiopulmonary quality in cigarette and HB smokers. Methods: 68 male sedentary smokers and nonsmokers having a good health participated in this study. We consider cigarette smoker...
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