Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders with lifelong impact of the affected individuals. It is usually co-morbid with other psychiatric disorders. This paper aims to review current knowledge about ADHD in imprisoned individuals. The rate of ADHD in prisoners ranges from 10% to 70% and it has been suggested that ADHD, even without co-mo...

We have recently criticised the natural pH gradient hypothesis which purports to explain how the difference in pH between fluid issuing from ancient alkali vents and the more acidic Hadean ocean could have driven molecular machines that catalyse reactions that are useful in prebiotic and autotrophic chemistry. In this article, we temporarily suspend our earlier criticism while we consider diffi...

Antoni Ignacy Tadeusz Kępiński was born on 16 November 1918 in Dolyna (Ukraine). He studied human medicine at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland, but took a break from his studies in 1939 to enlist as a volunteer in the Polish Army. In 1940 he was imprisoned in a concentration camp. After his liberation in 1945 Kępiński continued his studies in Edinburgh, and after obtaining a PhD in...