Direct analysis of samples, regardless their origin, is desirable although for the majority of cases unfeasible on account of the complexity of the sample matrix, inadequate concentration of the target analytes, or even incompatibility with the detector. In these cases, a sample pretreatment step is required for interference removal and analytes separation/preconcentration. Despite valuable adv...

Until recently, sample preparation was carried out using traditional techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), that use large volumes of organic solvents. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) uses much less solvent than LLE, although the volume can still be significant. These preparation methods are expensive, time-consuming and environmentally unfriendly. Recently, a great effort has been ma...

Since solid-phase and liquid-phase microextraction (SPME and LPME) were introduced, as effective solvent-free methods, many efforts have been made to improve their modes and applications. However, due to limitations with sensitivity and efficiency, researchers have focused on improving the performance of their basic primary modes. In this way, in recent years, different methods such as ultrason...

A headspace solid-phase microextraction method was developed for the preconcentration and extraction of methyl tert-butyl ether. An ionic-liquid-mediated multiwalled carbon nanotube-poly(dimethylsiloxane) hybrid coating, which was prepared by covalent functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with hydroxyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) using the sol-gel technique, was used as solid-...

T198923 ©1998 Sigma-Aldrich Co. Solid phase microextraction, a simple, effective adsorption/ desorption technique, eliminates the need for solvents or complicated apparatus for concentrating volatile or nonvolatile compounds in liquid samples or headspace. SPME is compatible with analyte separation/detection by gas chromatography or HPLC, and provides linear results for wide concentrations of a...

In this study, ionic liquid (IL) supported magnetic dispersive solid-phase microextraction was developed and a systematic investigation was conducted on imidazolium ILs for their extraction performance. This nano-based pretreatment procedure was then applied for the determination of acaricides in fruit juice samples for the first time. A feature of this technique is that the commonly laborious ...

Abstract Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an analytical method for of analytes, in which the analytes bind to sorbent on surface SPME fiber. Many types chemical agents are used as sorbent; however, many these sorbents cause secondary contamination or not cost-effective. Here, aqueous extract Ferula gummosa was evaluated potential source simultaneous morphine and codeine. For this purpose, ...