In tumor cells, the serine protease granzyme B is the primary mediator of apoptosis induced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)/natural killer (NK) cells. The human intracellular serpin proteinase inhibitor 9 (PI9) is the only known human protein able to inhibit the proteolytic activity of granzyme B. When present in the cytoplasm of T lymphocytes, PI9 is thought to protect CTLs against apoptosis...

A wide spectrum of diseases including reactive processes, infections, lymphomas and metastatic tumors can cause enlargement of lymph nodes. The present study on 4062 patients with lymphadenopathy was conducted in the Department of Cytology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, during a 10-year period. Of 4062 patients with lymphadenopathy, 1624 were males and 2438 were females...

BACKGROUND The subtype distribution of lymphoid neoplasms in Southwest China was analyzed according to WHO classifications. This study aims to analyze subtype distribution of lymphomas in southwest China. METHODS Lymphoid neoplasms diagnosed within 9 years in a single institution in Southwest China were analyzed according to the WHO classification. RESULTS From January 2000 to December 2008...

The primary vaginal T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare form of lymphoma. Most of the previously published cases were about B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We present the case of a vaginal mass in an 82-year-old patient presenting vaginal bleeding. The results of the immunohistological studies of the mass revealed the presence of a cytotoxic T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is the least commo...

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is an accurate, cost-effective method of evaluating lymphomas. The neutrophil-rich variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (NR-ALCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma. To our knowledge, we present thefirst study of NR-ALCL by FNAB cytology. Histologic confirmation was available for both patients. Both cases were positive for Ki-1 (CD-30) and were either T-cel...

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) are the second most common group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) with an estimated annual incidence of 1/100.000. Interferons (IFNs) are used in mono or combination therapy for cutaneous lymphomas especially for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) for years. IFN-α is the most widely-used type for cutaneous lymphomas. IFN-α has been shown to be a highly...

Antigen presentation by tumor cells in the context of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) is generally considered to be a prerequisite for effective immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We evaluated cell surface HLA class I, HLA class II and cytoplasmic HLA-DM staining by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 389 classical Hodgkin lymphomas (cHL), 22 nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphomas (NLPHL), ...

To test the hypothesis that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) can infect cells of the lymphoid system, we analyzed 353 specimens, including 152 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 44 Hodgkin lymphomas, 110 benign lymph nodes, 27 lymph nodes with metastasis, and 20 extranodal tissue samples. MCPyV DNA was detected by quantitative PCR in 13 (6.6%) of 196 lymphomas, including 5 (20.8%) of 24 chronic lymphocytic...

Overexpression of Bcl-2 protein occurs via both t(14;18)-dependent and independent mechanisms and contributes to the survival and chemoresistance of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. HA14-1 is a nonpeptidic organic small molecule, which has been shown to inhibit the interaction of Bcl-2 with Bax, thereby interfering with the antiapoptotic function of Bcl-2. In this study, we sought to determine the in vit...

PURPOSE Galectin-1 (Gal1) is an immunomodulatory glycan-binding protein regulated by an AP1-dependent enhancer in Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells. We recently found that Reed-Sternberg cell Gal1 promotes the immunosuppressive T-helper 2/T-regulatory cell-skewed microenvironment in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We sought to investigate whether the coordinate expression of activated AP1 pathway ...