Understanding who benefits from fuel price subsidies and the welfare impact of increasing fuel prices is key to designing, and gaining public support for, subsidy reform. This paper updates evidence for developing countries on the magnitude of the welfare impact of subsidy reform and its distribution across income groups, incorporating more recent studies and expanding the number of countries. ...

Rebound eff ects measure the behaviorally induced off set in the reduction of energy consumption following effi ciency improvements. Using both panel estimation and quantile-regression methods on household travel diary data collected in Germany between 1997 and 2009, this study investigates the heterogeneity of the rebound eff ect in private transport. With the average rebound eff ect being in ...

Rebound eff ects measure the behaviorally induced off set in the reduction of energy consumption following effi ciency improvements. Using both panel estimation and quantile-regression methods on household travel diary data collected in Germany between 1997 and 2009, this study investigates the heterogeneity of the rebound eff ect in private transport. With the average rebound eff ect being in ...

BACKGROUND Alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) is one of the technical feasible biofuel technologies. It produces jet fuel from sugary, starchy, and lignocellulosic biomass, such as sugarcane, corn grain, and switchgrass, via fermentation of sugars to ethanol or other alcohols. This study assesses the ATJ biofuel production pathway for these three biomass feedstocks, and advances existing techno-economic anal...

Rebound eff ects measure the behaviorally induced off set in the reduction of energy consumption following effi ciency improvements. Using panel estimation methods and household travel diary data collected in Germany between 1997 and 2009, this study identifi es the rebound eff ect in private transport by allowing for the possibility that fuel price elasticities – from which rebound eff ects ca...

Rebound eff ects measure the behaviorally induced off set in the reduction of energy consumption following effi ciency improvements. Using panel estimation methods and household travel diary data collected in Germany between 1997 and 2009, this study identifi es the rebound eff ect in private transport by allowing for the possibility that fuel price elasticities – from which rebound eff ects ca...

Bus fleet data have consistently shown that vehicle operating and maintenance costs increase as vehicles age. A fleet manager has to deal with the tradeoff between the lower operating and maintenance costs of newer fleets and their higher initial capital costs as well as the tradeoff between conventional and fuel efficient bus technologies. This study formulates and implements a fleet replaceme...

This paper evaluates how gasoline prices influences the average fuel economy of the existing automobile fleet. Higher fuel price affects fleet composition in two ways: immediate purchase decisions of new, more fuel efficient, vehicles and scrappage of old fuel inefficient gas-guzzlers. Gasoline costs account for 65% of the total operating costs of driving an automobile. Rational forward-looking...

A bunch of factors including the limited fossil resources and rising of fossil fuel price have been causes moving to create the new structure that is based on providing energy security, and protect the environment. One of the alternatives is the fuel cell (FC). Maximum power point tracker has an important role to increase the efficiency of the FC systems. One of the difficulties in maximum powe...

Food safety has become an important food quality attribute within the last decade. In 2002, we conducted a consumer survey with 449 subjects in Kiel to determine actual consumer perceptions to food quality and safety. We compared these data with our former consumer surveys in Kiel. Over the past decade food quality is perceived to have improved. Regarding to food related health risks, the feeli...