Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of pretreatments with melatonin (MT), and Alpha Lipoic acid (ALA) on lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) -induced serum levels of creatinine (Cr), urea (U), uric acid (Ua) and kidney levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) in male albino rats. Effects of treatments with MT and ALA were also evaluate...

Diploid clones homozygous (mt(+)/mt(+) or mt(-)/mt(-)) or heterozygous (mt(+)/mt(-); phenotypically mt(-)) for the mating-type locus and homoplasmic for a chloroplast marker conferring resistance to an antibiotic were isolated by artificially induced cell fusion or sexual mating. These diploids were crossed with haploid or diploid strains of opposite mating type and carrying another chloroplast...

Sequence data from four gene regions (nrDNA, petN-psbM, trnD-trnT, trnS-trnG, 3,705 bp) revealed that junipers from the southern mountain ranges of Iran are very diverse. The combined NJ tree (3,705 bp) showed strong support for the distinct nature of J. excelsa, J. polycarpos, J. p. var. turcomanica, and J. p. var. seravschanica. The samples from NW Iran are J. polycarpos and samples from NE I...

recently, the hypothesis in which memory and information would be stored as magnetic forms in astrocytes is expanding and neuromagnetic interactions between neurons and neighboring astrocytes in neocortex have potential to be the basis of memory formation. it has been proposed that all sorts of information may be maintained in form of neuronal activity-associated magnetic fields (naamfs) and th...

background: vascular access (va) is an important aspect for blood circulatory in hemodialysis (hd). arteriovenous fistula (avf) is a suitable procedure to gain va. maturation of the avf is a status of avf, which can be cannulated for hd. this study aimed to discover the parameters that effectively reduce the duration between va and start of hd, which symbolizes the maturation time (mt).   metho...