A new theoretical model to calculate the effective surface recombination velocity ($a) of a high-low junction with an arbitrary impurity distribution is presented. The model is applied to erfc-diffused pp+ junctions using experimental data of bandgap narrowing, lifetime and mobility. Bandgap narrowing is shown to degrade the minority carrier reflecting properties of the high-low junction. Compu...

We report an unassisted solar water splitting system powered by a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-containing semitransparent organic solar cell. Two major merits of this fullerene-free solar cell enable its integration with a BiVO4 photoanode. First is the high open circuit voltage and high fill factor displayed by this single junction solar cell, which yields sufficient power to effect water splitt...

This chapter aims to provide students/engineers/scientists in the field of photovoltaics with the basic information needed to understand the operating principles of screen‐ printed front junction n‐type silicon solar cells. The relevant device fabrication process‐ ing is described, from texturing, diffusion, passivation and antireflection coating, to screen‐ printed and fired‐through metallizat...

A new approach to increasing the efficiency of silicon solar cells (SCs) is presented, which consists in creation surface light-trapping structures with a high antireflection ability form systems pointed whiskers (NCs) coaxial p-n junctions. The geometry junction justified terms collection and separation minority charge carriers (NCCs) due built-in electric field across junction. Received impro...

Commercial aluminium and stainless steel sheets were used as substrates for thin film silicon solar cell deposition. The influence of elemental contamination and disturbed film growth on solar cell performance and yield were studied. Diffusion during film growth was found to be more pronounced than thermally activated interdiffusion of existing films. Surface irregularities of the substrate are...

III–V/Si multi-junction solar cells are potential successors to the silicon single-junction cell due their efficiency of up 40% in radiative limit.[1] Herein, latest results epitaxially integrated GaInP/GaAs/Si triple-junction presented. To reduce parasitic absorption losses, which have limited current density Si bottom previous devices, transparent AlxGa1–xAsyP1–y step-graded metamorphic buffe...

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) using the p-type semiconductor CuAlO2, in conjunction with a highly effective hole injecting dye and an iodide-triiodide-based electrolyte have been produced, demonstrating photocathodic behavior. An improved open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 333 mV was observed, compared to analogous devices using NiO, which can be explained by the CuAlO2 valence-band energy, whic...

Various types of multijunction solar cells have now been demonstrated with energy conversion efficiencies over 40%. Higher cell efficiencies are still possible. NREL, Fraunhoffer and others have announced >40% Inverted metamorphic triple-junction (IMMTJ) InGaP/GaAs/GaInAs cells. One key feature of these cells is that the lowest bandgap cell is no longer a Ge cell. The IMMTJ lowest cell bandgap ...

Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells have the potential to considerably out-perform conventional solar cells. Under standard test conditions, perovskite/Si tandem solar cells already outperform the Si single junction. Under realistic conditions, however, as we show, tandem solar cells made from current record cells are hardly more efficient than the Si cell alone. We model the performance of realis...

introduction: we did this study because there were a few studies about aorto-branch junction. methods: four light microscope and electron microscope study, the abdominal aorta, renal artery, and the adjoining right and left renal arteries were dissected out from 4 neonate dogs. results: based on the results, there is only one cell type in the tunica intima of endothelium in both arteries. in ab...