The onset of renal failure in a patient with cirrhosis or acute liver failure is alarming because it raises the possibility of the hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Periodic surveillance of renal function is helpful in patients with severe liver disease to detect HRS early and to help correct reversible contributing factors. Once established, HRS responds relatively poorly to medical management, alth...

Hepatorenalni sindrom (HRS) predstavlja reverzibilnu bubrežnu insuficijenciju kod bolesnika sa uznapredovalom cirozom ili akutnom insuficijencijom jetre . Samo 3,5% bolesnika oporavi se spontano od hepatorenalnog sindroma . Zato HRS ima najlošiju prognozu od svih komplikacija uznapredovale ciroze jetre i jetrine insuficijencije. Novembra 2005. International Ascites Club revidirao je kriterijume...

Certain arthropod-borne infections are common in tropical regions because of favorable climatic conditions. Water-borne infections like leptospirosis are common due to contamination of water especially during the monsoon floods. Infections like malaria, leptospirosis, dengue fever and typhus sometimes cause life threatening organ dysfunction and have several overlapping features. Most patients ...

Hepatorenal syndrome is a form of acute or sub-acute renal failure which develops in patients with chronic liver disease. In contrast to other forms of acute renal failure it may be reversible using pharmacological agents. The pathogenesis involves splanchnic vasodilatation and intense renal vasoconstriction. Increasing intravascular volume and prolonged treatment with vasoconstrictor drugs rev...

Glucagon binding to hepatocytes has been known for a long time to not only stimulate intracellular cAMP accumulation but also, intriguingly, induce a significant release of liver-borne cAMP in the blood. Recent experiments have shown that the well-documented but ill-understood natriuretic and phosphaturic actions of glucagon are actually mediated by this extracellular cAMP, which inhibits the r...

The syndrome of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, first recognized in 1969 but mistakenly presumed to reflect latent alcoholic cardiomyopathy in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, is now recognized to occur in all forms of cirrhosis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic, and thus is associated with cirrhosis per se. The hallmark of the syndrome is normal or increased ventricular contractility at rest, but depre...

• Objective: To evaluate the available evidence supporting the use of albumin for diagnosis and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). • Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for articles published in English between 1966 and March 2013. To evaluate the role of albumin in the diagnosis of HRS, we looked for trials comparing albumin to other plasma expanders. To evalua...

BACKGROUND Heptorenal syndrome is a complication of cirrhosis of liver and is characterized by progressive renal failure. This study was done to determine the frequency of hepatorenal syndrome according to 2007 international ascites club criteria among patients of cirrhosis attending Medical Units of Civil hospital Karachi. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted on the hospitalized...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatorenal syndrome is common in patients with advanced cirrhosis and constitutes a major problem in liver transplantation. There is no effective medical treatment for hepatorenal syndrome. METHODS Forty-six patients with cirrhosis and hepatorenal syndrome, hospitalized in a tertiary care center, were randomly assigned to receive either terlipressin (1-2 mg/4 hour, intraven...

• Absence of parenchymal kidney disease as indicated by proteinuria >500 mg/day, micro-hematuria (>50 RBC/high power field) and/or abnormal renal ultrasound International Ascites Club, November 2005 • No current or recent treatment with nephrotoxic drugs • Absence of shock b.w per day up to a maximum of 100 g/day • Serum creatinine over 1.5 mg/dL (133 μmol/L) • Cirrhosis with ascites Table 1: D...