background: the household transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major health problem. high incidence of hbv infection is observed within the household contacts of hbv carriers. we aimed to evaluate serological markers of hepatitis b infection among family members of hbv carriers in arak, central iran. methods: data were collected from the 100 chronic hbv carriers (subjects with positive ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), a DNA virus with a human-only reservoir, is a worldwide public health problem. Approximately 45.0% of the world’s population is considered to live in areas of high endemicity with a lifetime risk of infection of more than 60.0%. The present study aimed to assess the level of understanding and awareness about Hepatitis B immunization among the first a...

background: sen virus (senv) is the latest virus proposed as a cause of unknown hepatitis cases. among nine detected genotypes of the virus, genotypes d and h are more frequent in hepatitis cases of unknown origin. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of senv-d and senv-h genotypes in the sera of healthy individuals and hepatitis b and c patients. methods: totally, 200 serum sam...

background: hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection causes chronic infection in human population, with high mortality. one of the high risk communities is mentally retarded children, who are institutionalized. special conditions in these centers predispose children for hbv infection and transmission to healthy people. in this study our objective was to determine the prevalence of hbv infection among ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients receiving interferon (IFN)-free direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV). METHODS Patients who were seropositive for HBV core antibody and who received IFN-free DAAs for HCV were enrolled. Hepatitis B virus reactivation was defined as reappearance of serum HBV deoxyribonuclei...

Background: Due to their similar routes of transmission, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection occurs considerably. HBV infection progresses more rapidly in HIV-infected patients. Therefore, HBV vaccination of all non-immune HIV infected patients is recommended. On the other hand, HIV-infected subjects have suboptimal responses to HBV vaccine. In this study...

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) increases morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). We retrospectively analyzed HBV incidence 5,785 PLWH. Fourteen had newly positive HBsAg (mean 5.2 person-years of follow-up, 46.4/100,000 infections/year). These data show gaps in vaccination the preventative efficacy HBV-specific ART.

abstract background: hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in patients who lack detectable hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) is called occult hepatitis b infection. such infections have been frequently identified in patients with chronic hepatitis cliver disease, but their prevalence is not known. methods: 207 patients with chronic hepatitis c who were hcv -rna and antihcv positive were studied f...

Background: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is one of the main proteins of HBV envelop and its serum quantitative measurement is the most common quantitative test for monitoring the progress of Chronic Hepatitis B. Although measurement of serum HBV DNA copy number is a gold standard method for displaying viral load, the test is relatively expensive and it is not readily available everywhere...

the most frequently studied association between a hepatitis virus and non hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) has been with hepatitis c virus (hcv). association with hepatitis b virus (hbv) is less studied. in this regard mixed cryoglobulinemia (mc) is more commonly associated with hcv than hbv. still rarer is cryofibrinogenemia in these patients.   lack of symptoms in addition its rarity delays the diagnos...