We investigate the causes of electron-circular dichroism (ECD) in bromocamphor and dibromocamphor, focusing specifically on the electron helicity density of the target. Using electron transmission spectroscopy (ETS) and quantum chemical calculations, we have observed and assigned temporary negative ion states of bromocamphor and dibromocamphor. Further calculations were conducted to determine t...

In this talk I present a short review of primordial magnetic helicity effects on Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies. These effects allow us to test for cosmological magnetic helicity, however, very accurate CMB fluctuation data is required. This scheme for magnetic helicity detection is valid only for a cosmological magnetic field with a present amplitud...

The current understanding of astrophysical magnetic fields is reviewed with particular emphasis on nonlinear dynamo theory. Analytic and numerical results are discussed both for small scale dynamos, where helicity is unimportant, and for large scale dynamos, where kinetic helicity is crucial. Large scale dynamos produce small scale magnetic helicity as a waste product that quenches the large sc...

Here we show that under quantum reconnection, simulated by using the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation, self-helicity of a system of two interacting vortex rings remains conserved. By resolving the fine structure of the vortex cores, we demonstrate that the total length of the vortex system reaches a maximum at the reconnection time, while both writhe helicity and twist helicity remai...

Any divergenceless vector field defined in a 3-dimensional manifold defines an integral quantity called the helicity that measures the way in which any pair of integral lines curl to one another. In the case of Classical Electrodynamics in vacuum, the natural helicity invariant, called the electromagnetic helicity, has an important particle meaning: the difference between the numbers of rightan...

We adopt an isotropic representation of the Fourier-transformed two-point correlation tensor of the magnetic field for estimating magnetic energy and helicity spectra as well as current helicity spectra of individual active regions and the change of their spectral indices with the solar cycle. The departure of the spectral index of current helicity from 5/3 is analyzed, and it is found that it ...

Current helicity quantifies the location of twisted and sheared non-potential structures in a magnetic field. We simulate the evolution of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere in response to flux emergence and shearing by photospheric motions. In our global-scale simulation over many solar rotations the latitudinal distribution of current helicity develops a clear statistical pattern, matchi...

Starting from the continuum definition of helicity, we derive from first principles its different contributions for superfluid vortices. Our analysis shows that an internal twist contribution emerges naturally from the mathematical derivation. This reveals that the spanwise vector that is used to characterize the twist contribution must point in the direction of a surface of constant velocity p...