The energy budgets of small endotherms are profoundly affected by characteristics of the physical environment such as wind speed, air temperature and solar radiation. Among these, solar radiation represents a potentially very large heat load to small animals and may have an important influence on their thermoregulatory metabolism and heat balance. In this investigation, we examined the interact...

Since the 1700s, natural philosophers understood that heat exchange between two bodies was not precisely linearly dependent on the temperature difference, and that at high temperatures the discrepancy became greater. Over the years, many models were developed with varying degrees of success. The lack of success was due to the difficulty obtaining accurate experimental data, and a lack of knowle...

In order to manage the outdoor thermal environment with regard to human health and the environmental impact of waste heat, quantitative evaluations are indispensable. It is necessary to use a thermal environment evaluation index. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the psychological thermal responses of the human body and winter outdoor thermal environment variables...

the effect of partial slip and temperature dependent fluid properties on the mhd mixed convection flow from a heated, non-linearly stretching surface in the presence of radiation and non-uniform internal heat generation/absorption is investigated. the velocity of the stretching surface was assumed to vary according to power-law form. thermal transport is analyzed for two types of non-isothermal...

this work presents the heat transfer characteristics of a new type of porous radiant air heater that operates on the basis of effective energy conversion method between flowing gas enthalpy and thermal radiation. at each layer, the gas and solid phases are considered in non-local thermal equilibrium, and combustion in the porous radiant burner is modeled by considering a non-uniform heat genera...

The present paper deals with the study of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics occurring during the melting process due to a stretching surface in micropolar fluid with thermal radiation. A uniform magnetic field is applied normal to surface. The governing equations representing fluid flow have been transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformati...

In the present lecture some basic problems of state and solving of radiation heat transfer equation as applied to radiation modelling in shock-tubes and entry flow are discussed. The lecture contains five parts. In the first part the radiation heat transfer equation and the general definitions of the radiation heat transfer theory are presented. The definitions introduced in the first part are ...

The effects of heat and mass transfer on MHD mixed convection flow of a vertical surface with radiation, heat source/absorption and chemical reaction has been is discussed. The resulting set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved by perturbation technique and for graphs we used MATLAB software. Approximate solutions have been derived for the velocity, temperature, conce...

Numerical analysis of global heat transfer with coupled thermal radiation and heat conduction is investigated in Czochralski silicon crystal growth furnace with curved diffuse and specular surfaces. The ®nite element method and the radiation element method are adopted to solve the global heat transfer and the radiative heat exchange, respectively. The emphasis focuses on the discussion of the i...

International programmes such as EUROFLUX focus on the analysis of long-term fluxes and energy budgets in the biosphere. Reliable estimates of hourly energy budgets require an accurate estimation of soil heat flux, that is often non-negligible even in a forest, and can be predominant during the night. Over long periods of time such as one to several months, its contribution can also be signific...