background: the use of chemicals is essential in education resulting in exposure to these pollutant in a variety of chemical and research laboratories. chemical contaminants in chemical laboratories are in different forms and chemical exposure risk assessment is important for choosing appropriate controls in protecting the health of operators, experts and students. for risk assessment in chemic...

Widespread integration of market-based incentives into healthcare systems calls for — and has elicited — increasing adoption of risk adjustment. By deterring selection, risk adjustment helps to assure fair and efficient payments among health insurers or capitated provider groups. However, since conventional risk adjustment allocates funds among regions or insurers according to current populatio...

OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the legal and ethical implications of workplace health risk reduction programs (HRRPs) using health risk assessments, individually focused risk reduction, and financial incentives to promote compliance. METHODS We conducted a literature review, analyzed relevant statutes and regulations, and considered the effects of these programs on employee health privacy. ...

In the context of ongoing debate about negative stereotyping and poor risk assessment practices with minority ethnic groups in British society, this article attempts to develop an account of the dynamics of discrimination against black people in the area of mental health policy and practice. It is argued that a framework for the analysis of discrimination can be usefully constructed in terms of...

There exist a number of general considerations beyond predictive accuracy when selecting a risk assessment method for use in risk adjustment. In particular, these issues relate to the practical side of this process, such as whether it can be implemented and administered, whether the data exist to support its application, and what types of incentives does it provide to perform risk selection, ga...

Army STARRS is the largest and most comprehensive research project of mental health ever conducted in the U.S. Army. The project was designed to examine a broad range of risk and resilience (protective) factors across a complex set of outcomes. Army STARRS scientists created a series of extensive databases with the potential to achieve groundbreaking results. These databases will allow scientis...

The quality of assessment of older people with health and social care needs has for some time been a concern of policy makers, practitioners, older people and carers in the United Kingdom and internationally. This article seeks to address a key aspect of these concerns, namely whether sufficient expertise is deployed when, as a basis for a care plan and service allocation, an older person’s eli...

BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials provide robust data on the efficacy of interventions rather than on effectiveness. Health technology assessment (HTA) agencies worldwide are thus exploring whether real-world data (RWD) may provide alternative sources of data on effectiveness of interventions. Presently, an overview of HTA agencies' policies for RWD use in relative effectiveness assessmen...

Although there has been extensive research on psychopathy, it is unknown how, or whether, clinicians in public sector mental health settings consider the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL) for assessing violence risk. Mental health clinicians (N = 135) from 4 facilities were interviewed by using multiple methods for collecting data on decision making. Participants considered clinical information most ...

OBJECTIVES Health Technology Assessment (HTA) needs to address the challenges posed by high cost, effective technologies, expedited regulatory approaches, and the opportunities provided by collaborative real-world evaluation of technologies. The Health Technology Assessment International (HTAi) Policy Forum met to consider these issues and the implications for evidence production to inform HTA....