The recent emphasis on positive psychology is welcome, and has spurred much relevant research. But, there are still many unresolved conceptual and research issues, as more variables are being proposed as relevant. As part of this process, the present paper proposes hardiness as an addition to positive psychology. Hardiness is a combination of attitudes that provides the courage and motivation t...

Bartone, P. T. (1999). Hardiness protects against war-related stress in Army Reserve forces. Consulting Psychology Journal, 51, 72–82. Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59, 20–28. Khoshaba, D. M., & Maddi, S. R. (2001). HardiTraining (4th ed.). Newport Beach, CA: ...

1716 Abstract: Genetic variation in drought hardiness traits and their genetic correlations with growth potential and recovery traits were investigated in 39 full-sib families of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from southwestern British Columbia. Seedlings of these families were grown in raised nursery beds and subjected to three moisture regimes each i...

A decrease of protein, RNAs, and starch, and an increase of sugar were observed in 3-day water-stressed red osier dogwood plants (Cornus stolonifera Michx.) when the frost hardiness increased from -3 to -6 C. As the frost hardiness increased to -11 C after 7 days of treatment, the starch continuously decreased, however, the proteins and RNAs increased with a continuous increase of sugar. Furthe...

Direct effects and buffering models were tested in relation to cognitive hardiness and coping for general health and psychological functioning. Mature age university students (N=187) completed measures assessing life event stress and traumatic life experiences (independent variables) cognitive hardiness and coping style (moderator variables), and general health, somatization, anxiety and depres...

Received for publication 21 Apr. 1999. Accepted for publication 5 May 1999. This work was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, West Virginia Univ.–Agricultural Experiment Station, and the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture–National Research Initiative grant No. 9401825. West Virginia Univ. Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. 2679. The cost of publishing t...

This paper describes the use of electrolyte leakage (EL) from stem tissue as a potential method for assessing cold hardiness of hardwood seedlings. The EL method has seen little use with North American hardwoods, but has successfully predicted conifer hardiness in both controlled and operational settings and has been used experimentally on hardwoods in Europe. Three species of hardwoods—norther...

As a measure of cold hardiness, we tested the supercooling points or freezing temperatures of individual hemlock woolly adelgids (Adelges tsugae Annand) collected from 15 locations across the north to south range of the adelgid in eastern North America at different times during two winters. Adelgids from the northern interior locations with USDA hardiness zones of 5B–6B had lower supercooling p...