Technology within the medical field has grown, especially in the last few decades. Many diseases and medical conditions are easily diagnosed with the use of innovative machines and information technologies. There are greater storage capabilities and better computer applications that assist medical providers with understanding health findings to create more accurate diagnoses. There are several ...

The majority of evidence for cultural behavior in animals has come from comparisons between populations separated by large geographical distances that often inhabit different environments. The difficulty of excluding ecological and genetic variation as potential explanations for observed behaviors has led some researchers to challenge the idea of animal culture. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ver...

In the current understanding of exocytosis at the nerve terminal, the C2A domain of synaptotagmin is presumed to bind Ca and the membrane in a stepwise fashion: cation then membrane as cation increases the affinity of protein for membrane. Fluorescence spectroscopy data was gathered over a variety of lipid and Ca concentrations, enabling the rigorous application of microscopic binding models de...

This paper applies to the health sector a method of project analysis advocated recently by Devarajan, Squire, and Suthiwart-Narueput. A health project evaluation should establish a firm justification for public involvement; establish the counterfactual—what would happen with and without the project; and determine the fiscal effect of the project and the appropriate levels of fees in conjunction...

Due to its high density and close-to-SRAM read latency, spin transfer torque RAM (STT-RAM) is considered one of the most-promising emerging memory technologies for designing large last level caches (LLCs). However, in deep sub-micron region, STT-RAM shows read-disturbance error (RDE) whereby a read operation may modify the stored data value and this presents a severe threat to performance and r...

In this paper, a piezoelectric impact hammer is designed and fabricated for generating stable repeated impact elastic waves and further for in-situ wave velocity measurements of concrete specimens. The piezoelectric impact hammer consists of a stacked multilayer PZT, a flying head system with an on-line load cell embedded and a holding fixture. To measure the longitudinal or Rayleigh waves of a...