The haemagglutinin protein (H) of measles virus (MV) binds to susceptible cells and collaborates with the fusion protein (F) to mediate fusion of the virus with the cell membrane. Binding and fusion activity of the virus can be monitored by haemagglutination and haemolysis, respectively, of monkey erythrocytes. Most monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with haemolysis inhibiting activity (HLI+) are eit...

INTRODUCTION Previous influenza pandemics had second and on occasion third waves in many countries that were at times more severe than the initial pandemic waves. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the seroepidemiology of successive waves of H1N1pdm09 infections in Singapore and the overall risks of infection. METHODS We performed a cohort study amongst 838 adults, with blood samples pr...

Haemagglutination of bluetongue virus (BTV) was demonstrated for the first time by making use of a purified preparation of the virus. The reaction was found to be independent of variations in the pH, temperature, buffer system and origin of the erythrocytes used in the test. A haemagglutination inhibition test, subsequently developed, was demonstrated to be serotype specific. The storage of the...

INTRODUCTION Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titer is a correlate of protection against influenza; its persistence after infection or vaccination is important to determining susceptibility to subsequent infection. Few studies, however, have reported longitudinal data regarding the magnitude and duration of HI protection following natural seasonal influenza A infection. METHODS Usin...

Newcastle disease (ND) is a of high economic importance to poultry farmers in Nigeria. Its impact on include illness poultry, reduction egg production, immunosuppression, and death. This study was carried out determine the prevalence indigenous (local) chickens from 2 abattoirs Ilorin metropolis. A total 400 blood samples were aseptically collected plain bottles jugular veins local at slaughter...

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a lung-specific protein that is synthesized and secreted by lung epithelial cells and is believed to play an important role in lung host defence. This protein belongs to the C-type lectin family, which is characterized by an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain, a collagen-like domain, a neck domain and a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). To elucidate the biologic...

Present study was carried out at MS poultry farm Baffa, Mansehra during 2006. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of probiotics named as Organic Green Culture on the immune response of broiler chicks, using Newcastle Disease Haemagglutination Inhibation (HI) antibody titer as indicator. For this purpose, 448 Hubbard day-old broiler chicks were rand...

A characteristic feature of the epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the occurrence of a large number of subclinical infections. The reporting of only overt cases underestimates the total level of virus transmission, a knowledge of which is essential for the evolution of control strategies. We carried out a 3-year prospective serological study between 1989 and 1991 in a primary health ...