The heterogeneity of the components of proteoglycan aggregates, their stoichiometry within the aggregate and the aggregates' stability was investigated in normal human articular cartilage specimens (age-range newborn to 63 years). Proteoglycans were extracted from tissue by sequentially extracting them with PBS alone, PBS containing oligosaccharides of hyaluronan, and PBS containing solutions o...

Lipid content of purified fatty acid synthetase preparations from the Dipterous Ceratitis capitata correlated with the enzyme activity. Delipidation of the enzyme by extracting with a series of organic solvents rendered a protein without any residual activity and the treatment with phospholipase A2 for 30 min reduced the activity to 10%. Addition of lipid classes to either the native enzyme or ...

Proteoglycans were extracted from bovine lung gas exchange tissue, pleura, and bronchioles with 4.0 M guanidinium chloride at 5 degrees C in the presence of protease inhibitors. Preliminary purification of the proteoglycans was achieved by an initial CsCl isopycnic centrifugation (rho 0 = 1.33) and through precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride in 0.5 M KCl. Further purification and fracti...

The amino terminal 1-18 domain of dermaseptin s is an important determinant of its structure as well as the antibacterial activity. A thorough investigation on the structure of the 18-residue peptide (D18) and its binding to model membranes in presence of salt and denaturant guanidinium chloride has been carried out. In presence of salt, there is an increase in the fraction of peptide molecules...

A simple, efficient, and high yielding one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 4H-benzo[b]pyrans scaffolds installing a three-component tandem Knoevenagel-cyclocondensation reaction of an aldehyde, malononitrile and dimedone using guanidinium chloride as polyfunctional organocatalyst under solvent-free conditions in high to excellent yields. Various aromatic aldehydes were util...

Since the salting-in agents guanidinium chloride, urea, and lithium perchlorate increase the surface tension of water, the salting-in phenomenon does not reflect easier cavity formation in water. Therefore, these salting-in agents must be directly contributing to the solvation of a solute such as benzene in water, probably by a direct solvation interaction. The increased surface-tension effects...

The pressure-induced unfolding of lysozyme was investigated in an aqueous guanidinium chloride solution by means of ultraviolet spectroscopy. Assuming a two-state transition model, volume changes were calculated from the slope of free energy vs. pressure plots over a temperature range of 10 to 60 degrees C. Between 25 and 60 degrees C, almost constant volume changes were observed in the transit...

The denaturation by guanidinium chloride of the monomeric phosphoglycerate mutase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe was studied. The loss in activity broadly parallels the changes in protein structure detected by fluorescence and c.d. Renaturation can be brought about by dilution of the denaturing agent. These processes were compared with those in the enzymes from baker's yeast and rabbit muscle, ...