BACKGROUND Free and pedicled medial and lateral thigh-based flaps are common reconstructive procedures. However, there have been no comparative studies of morbidity between medial and lateral donor sites. METHODS We conducted an Enterprise Data Warehouse-based review of all the senior authors' (R.D.G., G.A.D., and M.S.A.) thigh-based free and pedicled flaps. Patient demographic data, donor-si...

BACKGROUND The limited nerve sources available for the reconstruction and restoration of upper extremity function is the biggest obstacle in the treatment of brachial plexus injury (BPI). We used part of a transplanted vascularized ulnar nerve as a motor source of a free muscle graft. CASE PRESENTATION A 21-year-old man with a left total brachial plexus injury had received surgical intercosta...

1. Furukawa H, Saito A, Mol W, Sekido M, Sasaki S, Yamamoto Y. Double innervation occurs in the facial mimetic muscles after facial-hypoglossal end-to-side neural repair: rat model for neural supercharge concept. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2008;61(3):257–64. 2. Terzis JK, Wang W, Zhao Y. Effect of axonal load on the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the cross-facial nerve graft procedure...

1. Furukawa H, Saito A, Mol W, Sekido M, Sasaki S, Yamamoto Y. Double innervation occurs in the facial mimetic muscles after facial-hypoglossal end-to-side neural repair: rat model for neural supercharge concept. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2008;61(3):257–64. 2. Terzis JK, Wang W, Zhao Y. Effect of axonal load on the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the cross-facial nerve graft procedure...

Fistulae between an ileal pouch and the vagina are an uncommon complication of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis following proctocolectomy and mucosectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis coli. Several reports describe the successful use of muscle flaps to close recurrent pouch-vaginal-fistulae (PVF). However, series only contain small numbers and an optimal management has not yet bee...

Basal socket muscle fibres of Barentsia gracilis are morphologically similar to invertebrate muscles classified as slow, tonic-type muscles. They are divisible into a non-contractile bulbous and a contractile myofilamentous portion, are innervated on their non-contractile surface, and are obliquely striated. The electron density and myofilament packing vary from fibre to fibre. Some muscle fibr...

Euglena gracilis has a chimeric gene collection in which some genes were inherited from its heterotrophic host and others were acquired from a photoautotrophic endosymbiont during secondary endosymbiosis. The evolutionary reconstruction of such a hybrid genome poses a challenge for standard phylogenetic tools that produce bifurcating trees because genome evolution by endosymbiotic gene transfer...

abstract background: rehabilitation of facial paralysis is one of the greatest challenges faced by reconstructive surgeons today. the traditional method for treatment of patients with facial palsy is the two-stage free gracilis flap which has a long latency period of between the two stages of surgery. methods: in this paper, we prospectively compared the results of the one-stage gracilis flap m...