avo as a known methodology is used to identify fluid type and reservoir lithology in subsurface exploration. method discussed in this paper, consists of three stages, including: direct modeling, inverse modeling and cross plot interpretation. by direct modeling we can clarify lithology or fluid dependent attributes. analysis performed using both p-p and p-sv attributes. inverse modeling deals w...

Knowing the centimeter-to meter-scale distribution of sand in clayey deposits is important for determining dominating water flow pathways. Borehole information has a high vertical resolution, on millimeter- to centimeter-scale, but provides poor lateral coverage. For highly heterogeneous deposits, such as glacial diamicts, this detailed borehole may not be sufficient creating reliable geologica...

The most common way to define instantaneous amplitude, phase and frequency of a real signal is to use its analytic signal. One of the main advantages of this procedure is that it establishes a one-to-one relationship between any real signal and the pair of functions defining its instantaneous amplitude and phase. However, there are some problems in its physical interpretation but it is shown th...

Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) is a popular method to analyze nonlinear and non-stationary data. It has been widely used in geophysical prospecting. This paper analyzes the mode mixing problems of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and introduces the noncontact measurement and detection of instantaneous seismic attributes using complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD). Numeric...

We are interested in Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) as a geophysical tool useful for determining the depth of the ground water table (GWT) and for monitoring shallow water infiltration in sandy soils. At hydrostatic equilibrium, the water content distribution in a homogeneous unsaturated soil down to the water saturated zone depends on the soil water retention function. A classical way to fit r...