Trichomonas vaginalis secretes a number of proteases which are suspected to be the cause of pathogenesis; however, little is understood how they manipulate host cells. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, and transcription. We detected various types of metalloproteinases including GP63 protein from T...

Trypanosomes encode a family of proteins known as Major Surface Metalloproteases (MSPs). We have identified six putative MSPs encoded within the partially sequenced T. congolense genome. Phylogenic analysis indicates that T. congolense MSPs belong to five subfamilies that are conserved among African trypanosome species. Molecular modeling, based on the known structure of Leishmania Major GP63, ...

BACKGROUND Leishmania is a pathogenic parasite which infects mononuclear cells in vertebrate hosts. Different strategies have been taken to develop immunity against Leishmania. DCs loaded with immunogenic antigen have resulted in different levels of Th1-type immune response and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potency of DCs primed with soluble Leishmania mexi...

leishmaniasis is a major infectious disease of considerable public health in more than 86 countries around the world. several approaches toward vaccine development against this disease have been taken. glycoprotein (gp63) is conserved among diverse species of leishmania and has induced immunological responses in murine models. therefore, this glycoprotein has been considered as a second generat...

The development of Salmonella vaccine vectors has been hindered by both the requirement for multiple doses to induce immune responses and a lack of plasmid stability. Direct comparisons of different promoter systems with the same antigen are necessary to address these important issues. We have previously described an AroA- AroD- deletion mutant of Salmonella typhimurium (GID101) which expresses...

Herein, we review evidence supporting a role for Leishmania exosomes during early infection. We suggest a model in which Leishmania secreted microvesicles released into the extracellular milieu deliver effector cargo to host target cells. This cargo mediates immunosuppression and functionally primes host cells for Leishmania invasion. Leishmania ssp. release microvesicles and the amount of vesi...

Metalloproteases have evolved in a vast number of biological systems, being one of the most diverse types of proteases and presenting a wide range of folds and catalytic metal ions. Given the increasing understanding of protein internal dynamics and its role in enzyme function, we are interested in assessing how the structural heterogeneity of metalloproteases translates into their dynamics. Th...

By use of monoclonal antibodies cross-reactive with Marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys, three glycoproteins (for Marek's disease virus, gp115/110, gp63, and gp50; for herpesvirus of turkeys, gp115, gp62 and gp52) related to virus neutralization were identified. Immunization of chickens or rabbits with these glycoproteins purified by affinity chromatography resulted in production o...

background: leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and sub tropical coun­tries. many attempts have been made and different strategies have been approached to develop a potent vaccine against leishmania . dna immunisation is a method, which is shown to be effec­tive in leishmania vaccination. leishmania soluble antigen (sla) has also recently been used leishmania vaccination....