we develope a numerical method based on b-spline collocation method to solve linear klein-gordon equation. the proposed scheme is unconditionally stable. the results of numerical experiments have been compared with the exact solution to show the efficiency of the method computationally. easy and economical implementation is the strength of this approach.

Willard E. Goodwin was born to Willard and Olive (Belt) Goodwin on July 24, 1915 in Los Angeles, California and died on July 22, 1998, just 2 days short of his 83rd birthday (fig. 1). Willard and his younger brother by 8 years, Donald A. Goodwin, grew up in La Cañada, California, an area just outside of Pasadena in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, where their nearest neighbors were n...

The Polish philosopher Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz adopted the notion of “conceptual apparatus”, which is very similar to idea scheme” put forward by Donald Davidson, Willard V. Quine, Nicholas Rescher and others. Ajdukiewicz’s theses are, in this regard, important although less known, he treated cognitive processes as inseparably connected with language.

Willard van Orman Quine (1908–2000) was an American logician and philosopher working in the analytical tradition shaping it various respects. is well-known for his critical attitude towards modal logic, which makes their conversation about Popper’s formalization of logic Popper (1947d) particularly interesting. The letter from to 6 April 1948 remarkable indication demarcation between mathematic...

We consider the problem of maintaining a dynamic ordered set of n integers in the range 0 : :2 w ?1, under the operations of insertion, deletion and predecessor queries, on a unit-cost RAM with a word length of w bits. We show that all the operations above can be performed in O(minflogw; 1 + logn= logwg) expected time, assuming the updates are oblivious, i.e., independent of the random choices ...

Trivers and Willard hypothesized that vertebrates adaptively vary the sex ratio of their offspring in response to the mother's physical condition [Trivers, R. L. & Willard, D. (1973) Science 179, 90-92]. This hypothesis has produced considerable debate within evolutionary biology. Here we use meta-analysis techniques to evaluate claims that nonhuman primate females facultatively adjust the sex ...

Using the notions of Q heaps and fusion trees developed by Fredman and Willard we develop a faster version of the fractional cascading technique while maintaining the linear space structure The new version enables sublogarithmic iterative search in the case when we have a search tree and the degree of each node is bounded by O log n for some constant where n is the total size of all the lists s...

objects | mathematics, philosophy of | mathematics, philosophy of: indispensabilityarguments in the | mathematics, philosophy of: Platonism | nominalism: in metaphysics |ontological commitment | Platonism: in metaphysics | plural quantification | Quine, Willardvan Orman

The Trivers-Willard hypothesis has commonly been considered to predict two things. First, that a mother in good condition should bias the sex ratio of her offspring towards males (if males exhibit greater variation in reproductive value). Second, that a mother in good condition should invest more per son than per daughter. These two predictions differ empirically, mechanistically and, as we dem...