The desire to generate a stress optimised structural node with maximum stability is often coupled the goal of low manufacturing costs and an adapted minimal use material. complex, three-dimensional free-form structures, which are created by means topology-optimisation, only partially suitable for conventional manufacturing. wire arc additive (WAAM), welding processes, offer cost-effective flexi...

Abstract Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process is one of the most important in industry, so different efforts have been made to anticipate parameters convert this into a stable capable joining parts with minimum human interference. In sense, controlling essential for automated applications because properties such as weld mechanical strength are defined by composition, microstructure, and bead ge...

When the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process is applied in shipbuilding and heavy equipment industries, it important to increase amount of on weld without defects. Application tandem GMAW can reduce man-hours increased owing multipass productivity. In industry sites, weldments are long large; thus, a carriage-type bed generally used. Accordingly, overall lengths cables system increased; voltag...

Ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) is a complex and sophisticated material that allows the development of products with reduced weight but increased strength can assist, for example, in automotive industry, saving fuel vehicles decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. Welding UHSS has certain complexity, mainly due to higher alloys heat treatments involved, which result microstructure sensitivity wel...

A nondestructive study of the internal structure and compositional gradient of dissimilar metal-alloy welds through energy-resolved neutron imaging is described in this paper. The ability of neutrons to penetrate thick metal objects (up to several cm) provides a unique possibility to examine samples which are opaque to other conventional techniques. The presence of Bragg edges in the measured n...