background: the frequency of the multi-drug resistance 1 (mdr1) gene c3435t polymorphism differs in various ethnical populations such as asian, african, and caucasians populations. a silent c3435t polymorphism in exon 26 of mdr1 has been reported to be associated with a decreased expression of p-gp in tt genotypes carriers compared with cc genotypes carriers. materials and methods: to evaluate ...

background: activated normal platelets undergo many biochemical and morphological changes, some of which are apoptotic. platelet derived microparticles and shrinked platelets as hallmark of platelet activation and apoptosis disperse surfaces containing procoagulant activity around injured vessels and tissues. this study was conducted to determine microparticles formation and platelet shrinkage ...

background: leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by different species of leishmania parasites with a wide range of clinical manifestations . antimonial compounds such as meglumine antimoniate (glucantime) are the first line drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. however, according to reports of the drug resistance of parasites, the efficacy of antimonial compounds is low. the atp-bind...

The high mutation rates of the chicken coronavirus (IBV) cause economic threats to poultry industry. However, most dangerous situation is likelihood changing its sequences into human (COVID-19-like virus). Therefore, in present study we aimed investigate possibility genetic IBV COVID-19. Thus, Spike (S1) Glycoprotein genes both and COVID-19 were aligned, analyzed calculated predict possible cha...

Given the aggressive spread of COVID-19-related deaths, there is an urgent public health need to support development vaccine candidates rapidly improve available control measures against SARS-CoV-2. To meet this need, we are leveraging our existing platform target Here, generated cellular heat shock chaperone protein, glycoprotein 96 (gp96), deliver SARS-CoV-2 protein S (spike) immune system an...