Background Studies on the hematologic toxicity of ethylene glycol ethers in humans are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between exposure to solvents (containing 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol) and hematological effects. Methods Thirty-four screen-printing workers who were exposed to 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol and 37 non-exposed clerical wo...

The membrane/water partition coefficients, K, of 15 electrically neutral (non-charged or zwitterionic) detergents were measured with phospholipid vesicles by using isothermal titration calorimetry, and were compared to the corresponding critical micellar concentrations, cmc. The detergents measured were oligo(ethylene oxide) alkyl ethers (C(m)EO(n) with m = 10/n = 3, 7 and m = 12/n = 3.8); alky...

The synthesis and photophysical characterization of a new family of luminescent water-soluble ionic iridium(iii) complexes of the general formula [(ppy)2Ir(bpy)]X are reported. The Ir(iii) complexes incorporate a cyclometalated 2-phenylpyridine (ppy), the ancillary ligand 2,2'-bipyridyl (bpy) and different counterions (X- = EtO-, OH-, EtOCH2CO2-, MeOCH2CO2-). These complexes were obtained start...

Fifteen glycol ethers were investigated for their potential to cause adverse reproductive toxic effects using an in vivo mouse screening bioassay. Pregnant mice were orally dosed once per day on days 7 through 14 of gestation at concentrations causing 0 to 41% maternal mortality. Reproductive endpoints included pup survival in utero (percent of live litters/pregnant survivors), pup perinatal an...

Potential reproductive effects from occupational exposures to ethylene glycol ethers (EGE) are of concern since these organic solvents have been used widely in industry, and their reproductive toxicity has been well documented in animal studies. For determination of whether occupational exposure to EGE was associated with increased risks of spontaneous abortion and subfertility (i.e., taking mo...

Propylene glycol and glycol ether (PGE) in indoor air have recently been associated with asthma and allergies as well as sensitization in children. In this follow-up report, sources of the PGEs in indoor air were investigated in 390 homes of pre-school age children in Sweden. Professional building inspectors examined each home for water damages, mold odour, building's structural characteristics...

Previous NIOSH studies demonstrated the embryo- and fetotoxicity and teratogenicity of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) applied to the shaved skin of pregnant rats. In the present study ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (EGEEA), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE), and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (diEGEE) were tested in the same experimental model, using distilled water as ...

BACKGROUND Ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) are widely used as mixtures in various industrial processes and in many household products. 2-Methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol primarily exert gonadotoxic effect, while 2-butoxyethanol and 2-isopropoxyethanol have potent hemolytic activity. EGEs can cross the blood-brain barrier, but their potential neurodegenerative action in vivo has not been investi...

A recent addition to the field of teratology has been the inclusion of functional assessment techniques of offspring after prenatal exposure to exogenous agents. The present paper reviews the behavioral teratogenic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME, 2-methoxyethanol) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE, 2-ethoxyethanol). Groups of 15 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were expos...