Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and for CAD mortality (1). Elevated serum cholesterol levels were also a risk factor for the development of heart failure (HF) in the Framingham study (2). Reduction in serum total cholesterol levels with 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) in p...

Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA-1) is an autosomal recessive disorder of lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan metabolism caused by deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. It results in the accumulation of 3-hydroxyglutaric and glutaric acid. Affected patients can present with brain atrophy and macrocephaly and with acute dystonia secondary to striatal degeneration in most cases triggered by an ...

Glutaric aciduria type I (GA I) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. This disorder is characterized by progressive dystonia, choreoathetosis, and dyskinesia. It is often misdiagnosed as athetoid cerebral palsy. Laboratory evaluation usually demonstrates increased urinary excretion of gluataric acid and 3-hydroxyglu...

Bacteria in anoxic environments typically convert aromatic compounds derived from pollutants or green plants to benzoyl-CoA, and then to the C7 dicarboxylic acid derivative 3-hydroxypimelyl-CoA. Inspection of the recently completed genome sequence of the purple nonsulfur phototroph Rhodopseudomonas palustris revealed one predicted cluster of genes for the beta-oxidation of dicarboxylic acids. T...

a. We recommend the use of antihypertensive therapies to treat hypertension among those with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (1B) with a suggested blood pressure target of less than or equal to 130/80 mm Hg (2B). b. We recommend that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors be considered as first-line antihypertensive therapy (1B) and, if intolerant, that angiotensin-receptor block...

Asian plantain (Plantago asiatica) essential oil (PAEO) contains multiple bioactive compounds, but its potential effects on lipid metabolism have not been examined. PAEO was found to be mostly composed of oxygenated monoterpenes, with linalool as the major component (82.5 %, w/w), measured using GC-MS. Incubation of 0-200 microg PAEO/ml with HepG2 cells for 24 h resulted in no significant toxic...