The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is deploying disciplined oscillators that are referenced to the UTC(NIST) time scale through common-view observations of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. We present measurement results from four NIST disciplined oscillators (NISTDOs), three located in the United States, and one located in Concepción, Chile. These devices repli...

The aims of this study were, first, to analyse the differences between referees and assistant referees in 20and 30-metre straight line sprinting test performance and in the maximum speeds registered in football matches; and, second, to analyse the differences between the maximum speeds registered in matches and in the straight line sprinting test. Twenty referees from the Spanish Third Football...

This paper focuses on the break-taking behaviour pattern of long-distance freight vehicles, providing a new perspective on the study of behaviour patterns and simultaneously providing a reference for transport management departments and related enterprises. Based on Global Positioning System (GPS) trajectory data, we select stopping points as break-taking sites of long-distance freight vehicles...

[1] The 26 December 2004 Sumatra earthquake (Mw 9.2–9.3) generated the most deadly tsunami in history. Yet within the first hour, the true danger of a major oceanwide tsunami was not indicated by seismic magnitude estimates, which were far too low (Mw 8.0–8.5). This problem relates to the inherent saturation of early seismicwave methods. Here we show that the earthquake’s true size and tsunami ...

Detection and removal of antipersonnel landmines is an important world-wide concern. A huge number of landmines have been deployed during the last twenty years and demining will take several more decades, assuming the topic that no more mines are going to be deployed in the future. An adequate mine clearance rate requires the use of new technologies such as improved sensors, efficient manipulat...

In order to confirm the prediction of the General Theory of Relativity that space and time are relative and that matter warps a dynamic space-time continuum that surrounds it, Einstein suggested two optical tests: one being the gravitational deflection of starlight, and the second being the gravitational red shift. The tests confirmed the predictions of the General Theory of Relativity. The obs...

A number of studies have used global positioning systems (GPS) to report on positional differences in the physical game demands of rugby union both on an average and singular bout basis. However, the ability of these studies to report quantitative data is limited by a lack of validation of certain aspects of measurement by GPS micro-technology. Furthermore no study has analyzed the positional p...

Studies of the testing effect have shown that retrieval significantly improves learning. However, most of these studies have been restricted to simple types of declarative verbal knowledge. Five experiments were designed to explore whether testing improves acquisition of route knowledge, which has a procedural component consisting of actions to be performed at decision points (Golledge, 1991). ...

The IS research community is still struggling with a proper theorisation of the IT-artefact. The debate manifests in questions regarding the effect of IT (Markus and Silver 2008), the identity of systems (Reimers et al. 2009), or more generally the appropriate theoretical tools for studying these systems. Part of the quest for theorising the IT-artefact is whether technology possesses inherent ...

In this paper, a low complexity long pseudo noise (PN) code acquisition scheme is proposed for spread spectrum systems including global positioning system (GPS) and code division multiple access (CDMA) system. By using a phaseshift-network, the proposed scheme has less complexity than the conventional dual correlating sequential estimation scheme. From the analytic and numerical results, it is ...